Question 1

Which of the following is transmitted by the parenteral route?

Accepted Answer

A)   ringworm
B)   warts
C)   gonorrhea
D)   yellow fever
E)   cutaneous anthrax

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding the demonstration of the etiology of disease is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   The suspect agent must be present in all cases of disease.
B)   The suspect agent must cause the disease under investigation when introduced into a susceptible host organism.
C)   The suspect agent must be isolated and cultured in the laboratory.
D)   It must be possible to reisolate the suspect agent from the infected experimental host.
E)   The suspect agent must be the only potential pathogen present in disease cases.

Question 3

Mutualism is a relationship

Accepted Answer

A)   that sometimes provides benefits for both members such that one or both parties cannot live without the other.
B)   where only one member derives benefit from the other.
C)   where one member of the relationship may kill the other.
D)   where one member of the relationship benefits without hurting the other.
E)   where it is hard to prove the benefits or disadvantages one member of the relationship may provide for the other.

Question 4

The condition known as microbial antagonism may be defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   microorganisms that remain with a person throughout life.
B)   a relationship between two organisms where one member harms the other.
C)   a relationship between two organisms where only one member benefits.
D)   an unsuccessful microbial invasion due to the presence of preexisting microbes.
E)   a relationship between two organisms where both members benefit.

Question 5

Biological __________ not only transmit pathogens, but also serve as hosts for the manipulation of the pathogen during some phase of the pathogen's life cycle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Biological __________ not only transmit pathogens, but...

Question 6

Diseases that are induced by modern medical procedures are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   iatrogenic infections.
B)   exogenous infections.
C)   opportunistic infections.
D)   endogenous infections.
E)   subacute infections.

Question 7

The __________ route is not a portal route of entry of a pathogen per se, but rather a way of circumventing the usual portals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ route is not a portal...

Question 8

Which of the following is considered part of the indigenous microbiota of the female reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Candida
B)   Lactobacillus
C)   E. coli
D)   Bacteroides
E)   both Candida and Lactobacillus

Question 9

Among the virulence factors produced by Staphylococcus aureus are hemolysin, coagulase, hyaluronidase, and enterotoxin. Which of these factors contribute(s)  to the ability of S. aureus to invade the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   coagulase
B)   enterotoxin
C)   hemolysin
D)   hyaluronidase
E)   coagulase and hemolysin

Question 10

Infection from a mosquito bite is an example of the parenteral route of transmission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Normal microbiota may cause disease if they are introduced into an unusual site in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Aerosols may be involved in __________ transmission of pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A)   droplet
B)   direct
C)   vector
D)   fecal-oral
E)   waterborne

Question 13

Which of the following stages of an infectious disease is the most severe?

Accepted Answer

A)   the incubation period
B)   the prodromal period
C)   the illness period
D)   the decline period
E)   the convalescence period

Question 14

What are the different types of symbiosis? List and give a short definition and an example for each.

Accepted Answer

There are three types of symbiosis: (1) ...

Question 15

Which of the following combinations of pathogen and virulence factor is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neisseria gonorrhoeae and endotoxin
B)   Streptococcus pyogenes and protein M
C)   Staphylococcus aureus and neurotoxin
D)   Gram-positive bacteria and lipid A
E)   Escherichia coli and cytotoxin

Question 16

In 2% of pregnancies, pathogens cross the __________ and infect the embryo or fetus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2% of pregnancies, pathogens cross the...

Question 17

In the wake of the cyclone that hit Myanmar (Southeast Asia)  in 2008, there were widespread reports of typhoid fever. Which of the following was the most likely mode of transmission?

Accepted Answer

A)   mosquitoes
B)   aerosols
C)   contact
D)   contaminated water
E)   flies

Question 18

E. coli in the colon is an example of __________ microbiota.

Accepted Answer

The answer of E. coli in the colon is an...

Question 19

In early spring 2009, the CDC reported several dozen cases of novel H1N1 influenza ("swine flu")  in the United States. By the summer, the number of confirmed cases was reported as over 40,000. The pattern of novel H1N1 cases in the United States represents a(n)  __________ disease.

Accepted Answer

A)   epidemic
B)   endemic
C)   sporadic
D)   pandemic
E)   opportunistic

Question 20

Symptoms are

Accepted Answer

A)   subjective characteristics of a disease that only the patient can feel.
B)   objective manifestations of a disease that can be measured.
C)   objective manifestations of a disease that can be observed by others.
D)   characteristics of a disease, such as sweating.
E)   laboratory tests used to diagnose a disease.

Exam 14: Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Among the virulence factors produced by Staphylococcus aureus are hemolysin, coagulase, hyaluronidase, and enterotoxin. Which of these factors contribute(s) to the ability of S. aureus to invade the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the different types of symbiosis? List and give a short definition and an example for each.

Correct AnswerverifiedThere are three types of symbiosis: (1) ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding the demonstration of the etiology of disease is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biological __________ not only transmit pathogens, but also serve as hosts for the manipulation of the pathogen during some phase of the pathogen's life cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following combinations of pathogen and virulence factor is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diseases that are induced by modern medical procedures are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mutualism is a relationship

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following stages of an infectious disease is the most severe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ route is not a portal route of entry of a pathogen per se, but rather a way of circumventing the usual portals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 2% of pregnancies, pathogens cross the __________ and infect the embryo or fetus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infection from a mosquito bite is an example of the parenteral route of transmission.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In early spring 2009, the CDC reported several dozen cases of novel H1N1 influenza ("swine flu") in the United States. By the summer, the number of confirmed cases was reported as over 40,000. The pattern of novel H1N1 cases in the United States represents a(n) __________ disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal microbiota may cause disease if they are introduced into an unusual site in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The condition known as microbial antagonism may be defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aerosols may be involved in __________ transmission of pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

E. coli in the colon is an example of __________ microbiota.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the wake of the cyclone that hit Myanmar (Southeast Asia) in 2008, there were widespread reports of typhoid fever. Which of the following was the most likely mode of transmission?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is considered part of the indigenous microbiota of the female reproductive system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is transmitted by the parenteral route?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Symptoms are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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There are three types of symbiosis: (1) ...
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