Question 1

Which of the following would likely be related to an elevated hematocrit reading?

Accepted Answer

A)   fluid excess
B)   fluid deficit
C)   increased sodium level
D)   decreased erythrocytes

Question 2

Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased osmotic pressure
B)   decreased osmotic pressure
C)   increased hydrostatic pressure
D)   decreased hydrostatic pressure

Question 3

What does acidosis cause?

Accepted Answer

A)   CNS hyperexcitability and nervousness
B)   hypokalemia
C)   CNS depression and drowsiness
D)   hypernatremia

Question 4

The control centre for thirst is located in the:

Accepted Answer

A)   kidneys
B)   thalamus
C)   medulla
D)   hypothalamus D

Question 5

When the osmotic pressure of the blood is elevated above normal,water would shift from the:

Accepted Answer

A)   blood into the cells
B)   interstitial compartment into the cells
C)   interstitial compartment into the blood
D)   cells into the interstitial compartment

Question 6

In which of the following processes is phosphate ion NOT a major component?

Accepted Answer

A)   bone metabolism
B)   metabolic processes involving ATP
C)   blood clotting
D)   acid-base balance

Question 7

Prolonged diarrhea results in:

Accepted Answer

A)   loss of fluid and bicarbonate ions leading to metabolic acidosis
B)   increased fluid and serum bicarbonate ions leading to metabolic acidosis
C)   loss of chloride ions only,leading to metabolic alkalosis
D)   surplus bicarbonate ions,leading to respiratory alkalosis

Question 8

Insensible fluid loss refers to water lost through:

Accepted Answer

A)   perspiration only
B)   feces only
C)   perspiration and expiration
D)   urine and feces

Question 9

Which of the following is a manifestation of respiratory alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   bradycardia
B)   drowsiness
C)   muscle twitches
D)   decreased urine pH

Question 10

Choose the correct proportion of water to body weight to be expected in a healthy male adult's body:

Accepted Answer

A)   30%
B)   45%
C)   60%
D)   70% C

Question 11

What is the slowest,but most effective control for acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory system
B)   buffer systems in the blood
C)   kidneys
D)   brain

Question 12

The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system helps maintain serum pH.The balance of the carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion levels are controlled by the:

Accepted Answer

A)   liver and pancreas
B)   lungs and kidneys
C)   lungs and plasma proteins
D)   kidneys and bone marrow

Question 13

Which of the following is the primary control of serum Na+ levels?

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH
B)   aldosterone
C)   serum H+ levels
D)   serum K+ levels

Question 14

Choose the correct proportion of blood (to body weight) in an adult male's body:

Accepted Answer

A)   30%
B)   20%
C)   10%
D)   4%

Question 15

Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would include:

Accepted Answer

A)   increased ADH
B)   decreased aldosterone
C)   slow,strong heart contraction
D)   peripheral vasodilation

Question 16

When many excess hydrogen ions accumulate in the blood,what happens to serum pH? The pH:

Accepted Answer

A)   decreases
B)   increases
C)   remains constant

Question 17

Alkalosis increases irritability and spontaneous stimulation of nerves by:

Accepted Answer

A)   blocking normal nerve conduction
B)   increasing the permeability of nerve membranes
C)   blocking movement of calcium ions
D)   depressing inhibitory actions

Question 18

Which of the following is essential in order to maintain serum pH within normal range?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion must be present in equal quantities.
B)   All excess carbonic acid must be excreted by the kidneys.
C)   The concentration of bicarbonate ion must remain constant.
D)   The ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate ion must be 1:20. D

Question 19

Which acid-base imbalance results from impaired expiration due to emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)   metabolic acidosis
B)   metabolic alkalosis
C)   respiratory acidosis
D)   respiratory alkalosis

Question 20

When excessive lactic acid accumulates in the body,serum:

Accepted Answer

A)   bicarbonate ion levels decrease
B)   bicarbonate ion levels increase
C)   carbonic acid levels increase
D)   pH increases

Exam 6: Fluid,electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalances

Which of the following would likely be related to an elevated hematocrit reading?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does acidosis cause?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The control centre for thirst is located in the:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

When the osmotic pressure of the blood is elevated above normal,water would shift from the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following processes is phosphate ion NOT a major component?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prolonged diarrhea results in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insensible fluid loss refers to water lost through:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a manifestation of respiratory alkalosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the correct proportion of water to body weight to be expected in a healthy male adult's body:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

What is the slowest,but most effective control for acid-base balance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system helps maintain serum pH.The balance of the carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion levels are controlled by the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the primary control of serum Na+ levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the correct proportion of blood (to body weight) in an adult male's body:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When many excess hydrogen ions accumulate in the blood,what happens to serum pH? The pH:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alkalosis increases irritability and spontaneous stimulation of nerves by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is essential in order to maintain serum pH within normal range?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which acid-base imbalance results from impaired expiration due to emphysema?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When excessive lactic acid accumulates in the body,serum:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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C

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D

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