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Exam 10: Thinking and Language

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Question 71

Multiple Choice

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A best example of a category of objects,events,ideas,or people is called a(n)

A) algorithm.
B) concept.
C) prototype.
D) heuristic.

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Question 72

Multiple Choice

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In the process of classifying objects,people are especially likely to make use of

A) algorithms.
B) fixations.
C) prototypes.
D) mental sets.

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Question 73

Multiple Choice

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People are often positively impressed by research that supports their own point of view.Asking them whether they would have been equally impressed by the same research if it had provided results that disputed their point of view is likely to inhibit

A sudden realization of the solution to a problem is called

Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis emphasizes that

Learning the rules of syntax for a specific language best illustrates the acquisition of

After learning that her two best friends had lost their jobs,Mariah began to grossly overestimate the national unemployment rate.Mariah's reaction best illustrates the consequences of

Noam Chomsky attributed children's ability to pick up language so readily to

Animal trainers' expectations may have led them to interpret some chimpanzees' signs as indicative of greater linguistic ability than is warranted.This best illustrates the shortcoming of

In which of the following parts of the brain would a lesion most likely result in aphasia?

A mental set is most likely to inhibit

The isolated Piraha tribespeople of Brazil have no words for specific numbers higher than 2.If shown 7 nuts in a row they find it difficult to lay out the same number from their own pile of nuts.This best illustrates the impact of

When Larina started college,she was certain that she would never smoke marijuana.By the end of her freshman year,however,Larina had used the drug on three different occasions.Larina's experience best illustrates

In her research,Professor Kyoto seeks to identify circumstances in which confirmation bias is especially likely to impede effective problem solving.Which specialty area does her research best represent?

The average kitchen remodeling project ends up costing about twice as much as homeowners expect.This best illustrates

Because she believes that boys are naughtier than girls,Mrs.Zumpano,a second-grade teacher,watches boys more closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior.Mrs.Zumpano's surveillance strategy best illustrates

Many people are less supportive of paying a "carbon tax" than of paying an equivalent cost in the form of a "carbon offset" fee.This best illustrates the impact of

After two minutes of exposure to an unbroken monotone string of nonsense syllables,infants could recognize three-syllable sequences that appeared repeatedly.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in language development.

The smallest distinctive sound unit of language is a

State lottery officials send residents a facsimile of a contest-winning check for over $5 million to encourage them to imagine themselves as possible winners.The lottery promoters are most clearly exploiting the influence of