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An awareness of your distinctive status as an international student in a university far from your homeland best illustrates a sense of


A) stagnation.
B) postconventional morality.
C) social identity.
D) menarche.

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During which of Piaget's stages does a person develop an awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived?


A) sensorimotor
B) preoperational
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational

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Dr.Matsuko's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-raising practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring.It is most likely that Dr.Matsuko is a(n) ________ psychologist.


A) cognitive
B) developmental
C) biological
D) psychodynamic

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A reflex refers to


A) decreasing responsiveness to repeated stimulation.
B) an epigenetic effect that is observable at birth.
C) an automatic response to sensory stimulation.
D) the consistency of temperament over time.

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Much of our psychological reasoning occurs on the "low road" of automatic unconscious thinking.This is best illustrated by our


A) concrete operations.
B) moral intuitions.
C) formal operations.
D) postconventional morality.

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Emily passes up the small pleasure of eating a high-calorie dessert for the greater satisfaction of achieving her weight-reduction goals in the upcoming month.Emily best illustrates


A) postconventional morality.
B) role confusion.
C) an intuitionist perspective.
D) delay of gratification.

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Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of others' emotional states is most characteristic of


A) autism spectrum disorder.
B) stranger anxiety.
C) infantile amnesia.
D) object permanence.

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Researchers have detected unusually diffuse brain activity while people at risk for ________ are trying to memorize words.


A) alcohol use disorder
B) weak immune systems
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) pneumonia

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Cell division and differentiation first begins during the ________ stage of prenatal development.


A) fetal
B) placental
C) zygotic
D) embryonic

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A neurocognitive disorder caused by neural plaques and marked by a progressive decline in memory is called


A) terminal decline.
B) brain plasticity.
C) Alzheimer's disease.
D) neurogenesis.

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Melissa suffered a severe viral infection during her fourth month of pregnancy that caused her baby to be born with an abnormal heart valve.In this instance,the virus was clearly a(n)


A) stress hormone.
B) digestive enzyme.
C) teratogen.
D) zygote.

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As individuals progress through their teen years into early adulthood,their self-concepts typically become


A) less personalized and unique.
B) more fluid and changeable.
C) less integrated.
D) more positive.

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A progressive erosion of mental functioning that was formerly known as dementia is now called


A) brain plasticity.
B) menopause.
C) neurocognitive disorder.
D) a death-deferral phenomenon.

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Taking certain drugs during pregnancy is likely to expose unborn children to


A) habituation.
B) zygotes.
C) teratogens.
D) reflex responses.

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The same people are retested over a long period in a ________ study.


A) concrete operational
B) longitudinal
C) postconventional
D) cross-sectional

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Current research on cognitive development indicates that


A) Piaget overestimated the cognitive competence of young children.
B) symbolic thinking develops earlier than Piaget believed.
C) Piaget's theory may apply only to middle-class male children.
D) Piaget overlooked the importance of imprinting on cognitive development.

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Which psychologist most clearly emphasized that adolescents often try out different "selves" in different situations as part of the process of forming an identity?


A) Jonathan Haidt
B) Lawrence Kohlberg
C) Erik Erikson
D) Jean Piaget

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Many people would find it more morally repulsive to kill someone by thrusting a knife into his or her body than by shooting him or her with a gun from a distance.This is best explained in terms of


A) Erikson's psychosocial perspective.
B) Piaget's cognitive development perspective.
C) Haidt's intuitionist perspective.
D) Kohlberg's moral development perspective.

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Formal operational thought is MOST necessary for the development of ________ morality.


A) preoperational
B) conventional
C) preconventional
D) postconventional

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Alzheimer's disease can best be described as one form of


A) neurocognitive disorder.
B) brain plasticity.
C) neurogenesis.
D) menopause.

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