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Erikson suggested that adolescents who simply take on their parents' values or conform to their parents' expectations have failed to work on


A) developing a sense of basic trust.
B) delaying gratification.
C) achieving a conventional morality.
D) refining their sense of identity.

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For several months following a sudden and unexpected divorce,Henry was excessively preoccupied with thoughts of his ex-wife.His reaction resulted from the disruption of


A) a critical period.
B) conservation.
C) object permanence.
D) attachment.

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According to Erikson,trust is to infancy as identity is to


A) late adulthood.
B) childhood.
C) young adulthood.
D) adolescence.

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According to Piaget,egocentrism is to conservation as the ________ stage is to the ________ stage.


A) concrete operational;preoperational
B) sensorimotor;preoperational
C) concrete operational;formal operational
D) preoperational;concrete operational

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Parents who discuss and negotiate family rules are especially likely to raise children who are


A) self-reliant.
B) insecurely attached.
C) disobedient.
D) egocentric.

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Children subjected to frequent abuse or bullying are most likely to exhibit


A) a death-deferral phenomenon.
B) shortened telomeres.
C) terminal decline.
D) neurogenesis.

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As people progress into old age,their disease-fighting immune systems become


A) more effective in resisting most life-threatening ailments.
B) less effective in resisting common cold viruses than in resisting cancer.
C) more effective in resisting upper respiratory flu than in resisting pneumonia.
D) completely ineffective in resisting any diseases without specific medication.

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Menarche is a maturational milestone most directly associated with


A) postconventional morality.
B) dual processing.
C) role confusion.
D) puberty.

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Incorporating new information into existing theories is to ________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.


A) conservation;egocentrism
B) imprinting;maturation
C) sensorimotor stage;preoperational stage
D) assimilation;accommodation

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Who analyzed people's answers to moral dilemmas for evidence of different stages of moral reasoning?


A) Erik Erikson
B) Walter Mischel
C) Jean Piaget
D) Lawrence Kohlberg

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Some mothers feed their infants when they show signs of hunger,whereas others fail to respond predictably to their infants' demands for food.These different maternal feeding practices are most likely to contribute to differences in infant


A) accommodation.
B) attachment.
C) conservation.
D) egocentrism.

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The acquisition of a sense of object permanence is most closely associated with the development of


A) conservation.
B) stranger anxiety.
C) imprinting.
D) egocentrism.

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Aging cells may die without being replaced due to the shortening of


A) immune system antibodies.
B) menopause.
C) distance perception.
D) telomeres.

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Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking


A) preoperational stage
B) neural network
C) critical period
D) scaffold

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During the last few years,75-year-old Mrs.Yamaguchi has gradually become so mentally disoriented that she can't find her way around her own house and often fails to recognize her husband.It is most likely that Mrs.Yamaguchi is suffering the effects of


A) a death-deferral phenomenon.
B) menopause.
C) terminal decline.
D) Alzheimer's disease.

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A disorder that appears in childhood involving deficiencies in communication,rigidly fixated interests,and repetitive behaviors is known as


A) stranger anxiety.
B) autism spectrum disorder.
C) infantile amnesia.
D) an insecure attachment.

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Ideas about one's own and others' feelings,perceptions,and thoughts along with the behaviors these might predict are said to constitute


A) formal operational thinking.
B) a theory of mind.
C) the principle of conservation.
D) a secure attachment.

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Mrs.Pearson cut Judy's hot dog into eight pieces and Sylvia's into six pieces.Sylvia cried because she felt she wasn't getting as much hot dog as Judy.Piaget would say that Sylvia doesn't understand the principle of


A) object permanence.
B) conservation.
C) egocentrism.
D) accommodation.

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Developmental psychologists study physical,cognitive,and ________ changes throughout the human life span.


A) zygotic
B) embryonic
C) genetic
D) social

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According to Erikson,Lucinda's sense of who she is and where she's going increases her chances of moving on to the next stage of


A) autonomy.
B) basic trust.
C) intimacy.
D) integrity.

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