Question 1

When it comes to social dilemmas such as the "prisoner's dilemma" game, the tit-for-tat strategy

Accepted Answer

A)   is a means of increasing cooperation.
B)   is likely to elicit competitive responses from a partner.
C)   employs consistent responses, independent of the partner's response.
D)   involves secret verbal communications with one's partner.

Question 2

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n)  ________ impacted performance such that participants did better on ________ tasks and worse on ________ tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)   favorite TV character; complex; simple
B)   unknown movie star; simple; complex
C)   unknown actor; complex; simple
D)   favorite TV character; simple; complex

Question 3

Under what conditions will groups tend to make better decisions than individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)   when the conditions are stressful
B)   when cohesiveness is high
C)   when they rely on the person with the most expertise
D)   when there is a strong directive leader

Question 4

You work for a software manufacturer, and the supervisor of your division has just informed your work team that the new software designed to give people access to the World Wide Web keeps crashing. Your supervisor is under a deadline to detect the source of the problem and fix it, so he assigns you and four other employees to a "bug detector" group to find the problem and correct it. What will determine whether or not your group succeeds?

Accepted Answer

How well your group accomplishes its mis...

Question 5

Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality. Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals. Ted has a ________ leadership style.

Accepted Answer

A)   paternalistic
B)   transactional
C)   relationship-oriented
D)   transformational

Question 6

Zajonc (1965)  wrote an influential article in which he posited a theoretical explanation for the social facilitation effect. Elegantly simple, this explanation included two steps:

Accepted Answer

A)   the presence of others causes arousal, and arousal makes it easier to do simple things and harder to do difficult or new things.
B)   actors are concerned about evaluation, and the most dominant response is activated.
C)   the presence of others is distracting, and distractions make it more difficult to perform.
D)   performance of difficult tasks is arousing, and arousal impedes performance.

Question 7

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

Accepted Answer

A)   Groupthink
B)   The risky shift
C)   Group polarization
D)   Negotiation

Question 8

In person, Paul is very mild-mannered and kind. However, his posts in anonymous chatrooms are sometimes explicit and offensive in nature. Why would this be the case?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anonymity leads to a sense of deindividuation.
B)   The Internet is an ideal place to engage in social loafing.
C)   Chatrooms are full of bullies.
D)   Paul has evaluation apprehension online.

Question 9

Kay and April are breaking up after 15 years together, two houses, and two children. They have fought so long and so hard that they can no longer trust one another and have very biased views of the other's behavior. Based on what you learned in this chapter, what would you suggest that they do?

Accepted Answer

A)   Continue talking with one another until they sort things out.
B)   Find a neutral negotiator who can help solve the dispute.
C)   Sit in two different rooms and only communicate via written messages.
D)   Get their children to make the decisions.

Question 10

Researchers (Karau & Williams, 1993)  reviewed more than 150 studies on social loafing, and found that the tendency to loaf is stronger in men than in women. Why is this true, according to work by Eagly (1987)  and Wood (1987) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Men typically occupy positions of higher status than do women.
B)   Women are higher in relational interdependence than men.
C)   Women have less power than men, who induce women to do more work.
D)   Women's tasks are typically more complex than the typical male task.

Question 11

A high level of group cohesiveness would be least beneficial to which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   members of a simple living group who have a monthly potluck
B)   members of a military unit carrying out a complicated maneuver
C)   members of a political campaign team developing a strategy
D)   members of a theatre troupe giving nightly performances

Question 12

At first blush, it would appear that integrative solutions (in which each side in a conflict agrees to cede something to the other)  would be relatively easy to achieve. However, these kinds of solutions are difficult to achieve because

Accepted Answer

A)   when involved parties negotiate, they often wield threats.
B)   involved parties are bad at discovering their adversaries' true interests, and therefore mistrust them.
C)   adversaries would rather experience a stalemate than cede a point to their opponents.
D)   seldom does one adversary want what the other adversary offers to give up.

Question 13

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a true group?

Accepted Answer

A)   deliberating members of a twelve-person jury
B)   students in a large lecture course
C)   undergraduates enrolled at a large public university
D)   personnel employed at a large corporation

Question 14

A historical study (Twenge, 2001)  on the effects of changes in women's social roles in the United States during the twentieth century showed that ________ over the century.

Accepted Answer

A)   both the opportunities for women and women's assertiveness steadily increased
B)   the opportunities for women increased, but women's assertiveness stayed steady
C)   the opportunities for women increased, but women's assertiveness decreased
D)   both opportunities for women and women's assertiveness went up and down in tandem

Question 15

The definition of a group provided in your text includes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   it includes two or more members.
B)   members are physically in the same place at the same time.
C)   members interact with each other.
D)   members are interdependent.

Question 16

Many Asian cultures are collectivistic; that is, they tend to place a greater emphasis on the welfare of the group than on the individual. Conversely, Western cultures tend to stress individual performance more than that of the group. A reasonable hypothesis would be that the social loafing effect is

Accepted Answer

A)   stronger in Western cultures.
B)   stronger in collectivist cultures.
C)   unaffected by cultural norms.
D)   almost nonexistent in collectivistic cultures.

Question 17

Jan is the leader of a cohesive "knowledge masters" group that is preparing to compete against teams from other colleges. To prevent groupthink and ensure that her group is successful, she should

Accepted Answer

A)   assess group members' opinions frequently using show?of?hand voting.
B)   create a unified, cohesive membership to devise strategies together.
C)   invite experts who are not members of the group to attend practice sessions and provide critical feedback.
D)   take the group to a cabin in the mountains so that they are not distracted by other things.

Question 18

According to the contingency theory of leadership, in ________ situations, the leader has poor relationships with subordinates, and directs tasks that are not clearly defined.

Accepted Answer

A)   contingent
B)   low-control
C)   high-control
D)   despotic

Question 19

The contingency theory of leadership posits that "moderate-control" situations call for a relationship-oriented leader. By this he means that a relationship-oriented leader is needed when

Accepted Answer

A)   interpersonal friction threatens productivity.
B)   confusion and chaos halt productivity.
C)   workers have moderate control over conditions of employment.
D)   poor working conditions cause low staff morale.

Question 20

The key to success in the "prisoner's dilemma" game is to

Accepted Answer

A)   always be competitive.
B)   withdraw when one's partner chooses a competitive response.
C)   trust one's partner.
D)   respond randomly.

Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Jan is the leader of a cohesive "knowledge masters" group that is preparing to compete against teams from other colleges. To prevent groupthink and ensure that her group is successful, she should

Correct Answer
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________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

Correct Answer
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Kay and April are breaking up after 15 years together, two houses, and two children. They have fought so long and so hard that they can no longer trust one another and have very biased views of the other's behavior. Based on what you learned in this chapter, what would you suggest that they do?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The definition of a group provided in your text includes all of the following except

Correct Answer
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According to the contingency theory of leadership, in ________ situations, the leader has poor relationships with subordinates, and directs tasks that are not clearly defined.

Correct Answer
verified

In person, Paul is very mild-mannered and kind. However, his posts in anonymous chatrooms are sometimes explicit and offensive in nature. Why would this be the case?

Correct Answer
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A historical study (Twenge, 2001) on the effects of changes in women's social roles in the United States during the twentieth century showed that ________ over the century.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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How well your group accomplishes its mis...
View Answer

A high level of group cohesiveness would be least beneficial to which of the following groups?

Correct Answer
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Under what conditions will groups tend to make better decisions than individuals?

Correct Answer
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Researchers (Karau & Williams, 1993) reviewed more than 150 studies on social loafing, and found that the tendency to loaf is stronger in men than in women. Why is this true, according to work by Eagly (1987) and Wood (1987) ?

Correct Answer
verified

The key to success in the "prisoner's dilemma" game is to

Correct Answer
verified

When it comes to social dilemmas such as the "prisoner's dilemma" game, the tit-for-tat strategy

Correct Answer
verified

The contingency theory of leadership posits that "moderate-control" situations call for a relationship-oriented leader. By this he means that a relationship-oriented leader is needed when

Correct Answer
verified

Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality. Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals. Ted has a ________ leadership style.

Correct Answer
verified

At first blush, it would appear that integrative solutions (in which each side in a conflict agrees to cede something to the other) would be relatively easy to achieve. However, these kinds of solutions are difficult to achieve because

Correct Answer
verified

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) impacted performance such that participants did better on tasks and worse on tasks.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a true group?

Correct Answer
verified

Zajonc (1965) wrote an influential article in which he posited a theoretical explanation for the social facilitation effect. Elegantly simple, this explanation included two steps:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Jan is the leader of a cohesive "knowledge masters" group that is preparing to compete against teams from other colleges. To prevent groupthink and ensure that her group is successful, she should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kay and April are breaking up after 15 years together, two houses, and two children. They have fought so long and so hard that they can no longer trust one another and have very biased views of the other's behavior. Based on what you learned in this chapter, what would you suggest that they do?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The definition of a group provided in your text includes all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the contingency theory of leadership, in ________ situations, the leader has poor relationships with subordinates, and directs tasks that are not clearly defined.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In person, Paul is very mild-mannered and kind. However, his posts in anonymous chatrooms are sometimes explicit and offensive in nature. Why would this be the case?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A historical study (Twenge, 2001) on the effects of changes in women's social roles in the United States during the twentieth century showed that ________ over the century.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedHow well your group accomplishes its mis...View AnswerShow Answer

A high level of group cohesiveness would be least beneficial to which of the following groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under what conditions will groups tend to make better decisions than individuals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers (Karau & Williams, 1993) reviewed more than 150 studies on social loafing, and found that the tendency to loaf is stronger in men than in women. Why is this true, according to work by Eagly (1987) and Wood (1987) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The key to success in the "prisoner's dilemma" game is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When it comes to social dilemmas such as the "prisoner's dilemma" game, the tit-for-tat strategy

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The contingency theory of leadership posits that "moderate-control" situations call for a relationship-oriented leader. By this he means that a relationship-oriented leader is needed when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality. Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals. Ted has a ________ leadership style.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At first blush, it would appear that integrative solutions (in which each side in a conflict agrees to cede something to the other) would be relatively easy to achieve. However, these kinds of solutions are difficult to achieve because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) ________ impacted performance such that participants did better on ________ tasks and worse on ________ tasks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a true group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zajonc (1965) wrote an influential article in which he posited a theoretical explanation for the social facilitation effect. Elegantly simple, this explanation included two steps:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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How well your group accomplishes its mis...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) impacted performance such that participants did better on tasks and worse on tasks.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified