Question 1

The image below shows an outcrop of coarse-grained sedimentary rock.Note the rock hammer for scale.What is the name of this rock type?

Accepted Answer

A)   sandstone
B)   shale
C)   breccia
D)   conglomerate

Question 2

When limestone becomes chemically altered,so that half of the calcium atoms are replaced by magnesium,the resultant rock is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   agate.
B)   dolostone.
C)   jasper.
D)   travertine.

Question 3

Precipitation of gypsum due to evaporation of seawater produces which kind of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)   biochemical
B)   chemical
C)   clastic
D)   organic

Question 4

Ripple marks are ________

Accepted Answer

A)   internal laminations that are inclined at an angle relative to the main layering of a sedimentary rock.
B)   a bed in which grain size varies from coarse at the bottom to fine at the top.
C)   small,elongate ridges in clastic sediments and rocks that form perpendicular to the direction of flow.
D)   a suite of cracks separating plates that form when mud dries out.

Question 5

Chemically precipitated limestone that forms in caves or around hot springs is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   agate.
B)   dolostone.
C)   jasper.
D)   travertine.

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding biochemical chert?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is massive (lacking layers) .
B)   It is made of cryptocrystalline quartz.
C)   It is made of aragonite shell fragments.
D)   It is composed of the minerals calcite and dolomite. B

Question 7

The majority of the rocks that form at the surface of the Earth are

Accepted Answer

A)   intrusive igneous rocks.
B)   foliated metamorphic rocks.
C)   sedimentary rocks.
D)   non-foliated metamorphic rocks. C

Question 8

Lithified detritus (breakdown products of preexisting rocks) forms which kind of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)   biochemical
B)   chemical
C)   clastic
D)   organic

Question 9

The image below shows a series of graded beds.How many graded beds are shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   3
C)   6
D)   9

Question 10

Sea level rises locally,and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed

Accepted Answer

A)   transgressions.
B)   regressions.
C)   turbidity currents.
D)   cross bedding.

Question 11

A shale differs from a mudstone in that it

Accepted Answer

A)   breaks into platy sheets.
B)   is compositionally richer in quartz.
C)   has smaller grains.
D)   has larger grains.

Question 12

If water is the transport mechanism of sediment,the grain size of sedimentary deposits most closely indicates the

Accepted Answer

A)   geographic extent of the weathering source rock at outcrop.
B)   average velocity of the water from the time of erosion until deposition.
C)   velocity of the water at the moment the sediment settled to the bottom.
D)   climate conditions at the time of deposition.

Question 13

What is the difference in the formation of chalk versus chert?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have different grain sizes.
B)   They are made of different source materials.
C)   Chalk is terrestrial; chert is marine.
D)   Chalk is biochemical; chert is chemical. B

Question 14

The sedimentary rocks breccia and conglomerate most commonly form in a ________ environment.

Accepted Answer

A)   beach
B)   lake
C)   mountain stream
D)   deep-ocean basin

Question 15

Diagenesis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the development of layering within sedimentary rocks.
B)   the act of deposition of sediment that will determine the characteristics of and,ultimately,form a sedimentary rock.
C)   physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock.
D)   the natural process of separating sediment by grain size.

Question 16

Which transport medium carries the largest particles?

Accepted Answer

A)   ice in glaciers
B)   water in rivers
C)   wind
D)   water in lakes

Question 17

Cemented shells of marine organisms form which kind of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)   biochemical
B)   chemical
C)   clastic
D)   organic

Question 18

Limestone can be either a biochemical or a chemical sedimentary rock.Explain how both types of limestone are formed.Make sure to describe the environments in which they were formed.

Accepted Answer

Fossiliferous limestone is a type of bio...

Question 19

Describe the difference between lithification and diagenesis.

Accepted Answer

Lithification is the transformation of l...

Question 20

The primary difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate

Accepted Answer

A)   is finer-grained than breccia.
B)   is coarser-grained than breccia.
C)   possesses more angular grains than breccia.
D)   possesses more rounded grains than breccia.

Exam 6: Pages of the Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

The image below shows an outcrop of coarse-grained sedimentary rock.Note the rock hammer for scale.What is the name of this rock type?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When limestone becomes chemically altered,so that half of the calcium atoms are replaced by magnesium,the resultant rock is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Precipitation of gypsum due to evaporation of seawater produces which kind of sedimentary rock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ripple marks are ________

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemically precipitated limestone that forms in caves or around hot springs is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding biochemical chert?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The majority of the rocks that form at the surface of the Earth are

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Lithified detritus (breakdown products of preexisting rocks) forms which kind of sedimentary rock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The image below shows a series of graded beds.How many graded beds are shown?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sea level rises locally,and marine sediments are deposited on top of terrestrial sediments during events termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A shale differs from a mudstone in that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If water is the transport mechanism of sediment,the grain size of sedimentary deposits most closely indicates the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference in the formation of chalk versus chert?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The sedimentary rocks breccia and conglomerate most commonly form in a ________ environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diagenesis refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which transport medium carries the largest particles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cemented shells of marine organisms form which kind of sedimentary rock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Limestone can be either a biochemical or a chemical sedimentary rock.Explain how both types of limestone are formed.Make sure to describe the environments in which they were formed.

Correct AnswerverifiedFossiliferous limestone is a type of bio...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe the difference between lithification and diagenesis.

Correct AnswerverifiedLithification is the transformation of l...View AnswerShow Answer

The primary difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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C

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B

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Fossiliferous limestone is a type of bio...
View Answer

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Lithification is the transformation of l...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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