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From the standpoint of the insurer,which of the following is a characteristic of an ideally insurable risk?


A) The loss must be intentional.
B) There must be a small number of unique loss exposures.
C) The chance of loss must be calculable.
D) The loss must be indeterminable.

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements regarding insurance and gambling is (are) true? I.Insurance is used to handle existing pure risks,while gambling creates a new speculative risk. II.Insurance usually involves risk avoidance,while gambling typically involves only risk reduction.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

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Insurance companies collect premiums in advance.Since the premiums collected are not needed to pay losses and expenses immediately,the funds can be loaned to business firms.Because of this fact,insurance benefits society by


A) enhancing credit.
B) providing a source of investment funds.
C) indemnifying losses.
D) providing an incentive for loss prevention.

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Which of the following types of risks is normally uninsurable by private insurers?


A) personal risks
B) property risks
C) liability risks
D) political risks

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Reasons why market,financial,and production risks are often uninsurable include which of the following? I.The potential to produce a catastrophic loss is great. II.The chance of loss cannot be accurately estimated.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

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Which of the following is a form of casualty insurance?


A) fire insurance
B) general liability insurance
C) inland marine insurance
D) ocean marine insurance

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Ashley opened an all-you-can-eat buffet restaurant.The price per-person was based on what Ashley believed an average restaurant patron would consume.The restaurant began to lose money.Ashley concluded that her patrons had "above average" appetites,and were attracted to her restaurant because they could eat as much as they wanted while being charged an average price.A similar phenomenon exists in insurance markets.This problem is called


A) legal hazard.
B) adverse selection.
C) attitudinal hazard.
D) nondiversifiable risk.

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Inland marine insurance provides coverage for


A) goods being shipped on land.
B) premature death of members of the armed forces.
C) goods being shipped on ocean-going vessels.
D) liability exposures of nonprofit organizations.

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Which of the following is a result of adverse selection?


A) The insurer's financial results will be substantially improved.
B) Persons most likely to have losses are also most likely to seek insurance at standard rates.
C) It is unnecessary for the insurance company to use underwriting.
D) Insurance can be written only by the federal government.

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Which of the following is an example of private insurance?


A) unemployment insurance
B) Social Security
C) life insurance
D) federal deposit insurance

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The tendency for unhealthy people to seek life or health insurance at standard rates is an example of


A) moral hazard.
B) fundamental risk.
C) attitudinal hazard.
D) adverse selection.

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Which of the following is a basic characteristic of insurance?


A) pooling of losses
B) avoidance of risk
C) payment of intentional losses
D) certainty about specific losses that will occur

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Methods by which insurers may minimize or avoid catastrophic losses include which of the following? I.The use of reinsurance II.Concentrating coverage written in one geographic region


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

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Which of the following is implied by the pooling of losses?


A) sharing of losses by an entire group
B) inability to predict losses with any degree of accuracy
C) substitution of actual loss for average loss
D) increase of objective risk

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Which of the following statements regarding insurance and hedging is (are) true? I.Insurance involves the transfer of an insurable risk while hedging handles risk that is typically uninsurable. II.Insurance transactions can reduce objective risk,while hedging typically involves only risk transfer and not risk reduction.


A) I only
B) II only
C) both I and II
D) neither I nor II

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The premium that insurance companies charge does not cover the cost of expected losses only.The premium must also cover the cost of compensating agents and other costs of doing business.The amount added to the pure premium to cover these costs is called the


A) expense loading.
B) deductible.
C) dividend.
D) loss reserve.

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Adverse selection occurs


A) when an insurance company loses money on its investments.
B) when insurance purchasers buy insurance but do not have a loss.
C) when catastrophic losses occur as a result of a natural disaster.
D) when applicants with a higher-than-average chance of loss seek insurance at standard rates.

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According to the law of large numbers,what should happen as an insurer increases the number of units insured?


A) The amount the insurer expects to pay in claims should decrease.
B) Underwriting expenses should decrease.
C) Actual results will more closely approach expected results.
D) The insurer's profitability should become more variable.

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LMN Insurance sells homeowners insurance.The LMN homeowners policy combines property and casualty insurance in the same contract.Insurance policies combining property and casualty coverage in the same contract are called


A) mono-line policies.
B) multi-year policies.
C) multiple-line policies.
D) manuscript policies.

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XYZ Insurance Company writes coverage for most perils which can damage property.XYZ,however,does not write flood insurance on property located in flood plains.Which requirement of an ideally insurable risk might be violated if XYZ wrote flood insurance on property located in flood plains?


A) There must be a large number of similar exposure units.
B) The loss should not be catastrophic.
C) The chance of loss must be calculable.
D) The losses must be determinable and measurable.

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