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Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent?


A) MnO2(s)
B) Cl⁻(aq)
C) Cu⁺(aq)
D) SO42-(aq)
E) MnO4⁻(aq)

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The electrolysis of molten The electrolysis of molten   for 4.25 hr with an electrical current of 25.0 A produces   of aluminum metal. A)  9.90 × 10<sup>-3</sup> B)  107 C)  321 D)  1.32 E)  35.7 for 4.25 hr with an electrical current of 25.0 A produces The electrolysis of molten   for 4.25 hr with an electrical current of 25.0 A produces   of aluminum metal. A)  9.90 × 10<sup>-3</sup> B)  107 C)  321 D)  1.32 E)  35.7 of aluminum metal.


A) 9.90 × 10-3
B) 107
C) 321
D) 1.32
E) 35.7

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Use the standard half-cell potentials listed below to calculate the standard cell potential for the following reaction occurring in an electrochemical cell at 25°C. (The equation is balanced.) Pb2+(aq) + Mg(s) → Pb(s) + Mg2+(aq) Mg2+(aq) +2 e- →Mg(s) E°= -2.37 V Pb2+(aq) + 2e- → Pb(s) E°= -0.13 V


A) +0.93 V
B) +2.24 V
C) -5.32 V
D) +5.47 V
E) +0.67 V

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Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [ Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.500 M and [   ] = 2.00 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.09 V B)  -3.18 V C)  +2.35 V D)  +0.36 V E)  -1.51 V ] = 0.500 M and [ Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.500 M and [   ] = 2.00 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.09 V B)  -3.18 V C)  +2.35 V D)  +0.36 V E)  -1.51 V ] = 2.00 M Mg(s) + Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.500 M and [   ] = 2.00 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.09 V B)  -3.18 V C)  +2.35 V D)  +0.36 V E)  -1.51 V (aq) → Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.500 M and [   ] = 2.00 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.09 V B)  -3.18 V C)  +2.35 V D)  +0.36 V E)  -1.51 V (aq) + Fe(s) E°(Mg2+/Mg) = -2.37 V and E°(Fe3+/Fe) = -0.036 V


A) +2.09 V
B) -3.18 V
C) +2.35 V
D) +0.36 V
E) -1.51 V

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Use the provided reduction potentials to calculate ΔrG° for the following balanced redox reaction: Pb2+(aq) + Cu(s) → Pb(s) + Cu2+(aq) E°(Pb2+/Pb) = -0.13 V and E°(Cu2+/Cu) = +0.34 V


A) -41 kJ mol-1
B) -0.47 kJ mol-1
C) +46 kJ mol-1
D) +91 kJ mol-1
E) -21 kJ mol-1

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If the standard reduction potential of Zn is -0.76 V, which of the following statements about a cell whose half-cells are Zn2+/Zn and SHE is correct?


A) SHE will be the cell's cathode, Zn(s) will be the cell's anode, and the measured cell potential will be 0.76 V.
B) SHE will be the cell's anode, Zn(s) will be the cell's cathode, and the measured cell potential will be 0.76 V.
C) SHE will be the cell's cathode, Zn(s) will be the cell's anode, and the measured cell potential will be -0.76 V.
D) SHE will be the cell's cathode, Zn2+(aq) will be the cell's anode, and the measured cell potential will be 0.76 V.
E) H+(aq) will be the cell's cathode, Zn2+(aq) will be the cell's anode, and the measured cell potential will be 0.76 V.

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What mass of aluminum can be plated onto an object in 755 minutes at 5.80 A of current?


A) 73.5 g
B) 24.5 g
C) 220. g
D) 147 g
E) 8.17 g

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Use the standard half-cell potentials listed below to calculate the standard cell potential for the following reaction occurring in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C. (The equation is balanced.) Mg(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Cu(s) + Mg2+(aq) Mg2+(aq) + 2 e⁻ → Mg(s) E° = -2.38 V Cu2+(aq) + 2 e⁻ → Cu(s) E° = +0.34 V


A) +2.04 V
B) -2.04 V
C) +2.72 V
D) -1.36 V
E) +1.36 V

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Determine the cell notation for the redox reaction given below: Pb(s) + 2H⁺(aq) → Pb2+(aq) + H2(g)


A) H+(aq) ∣ H2(g) ∣ Pt(s) Determine the cell notation for the redox reaction given below:  Pb(s)  + 2H⁺(aq)  → Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  + H<sub>2</sub>(g)  A)  H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  B)  H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)  C)  Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)    H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)  D)  Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)    H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)  E)  Pb(s)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s) Pb(s) ∣ Pb2+(aq)
B) H2(g) ∣ H+(aq) ∣ Pt(s) Determine the cell notation for the redox reaction given below:  Pb(s)  + 2H⁺(aq)  → Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  + H<sub>2</sub>(g)  A)  H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  B)  H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)  C)  Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)    H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)  D)  Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)    H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)  E)  Pb(s)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s) Pb2+(aq) ∣ Pb(s)
C) Pb2+(aq) ∣ Pb(s) Determine the cell notation for the redox reaction given below:  Pb(s)  + 2H⁺(aq)  → Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  + H<sub>2</sub>(g)  A)  H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  B)  H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)  C)  Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)    H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)  D)  Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)    H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)  E)  Pb(s)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s) H2(g) ∣ H+(aq) ∣ Pt(s)
D) Pb(s) ∣ Pb2+(aq) Determine the cell notation for the redox reaction given below:  Pb(s)  + 2H⁺(aq)  → Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  + H<sub>2</sub>(g)  A)  H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  B)  H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)  C)  Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)    H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)  D)  Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)    H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)  E)  Pb(s)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s) H+(aq) ∣ H2(g) ∣ Pt(s)
E) Pb(s) ∣ H2(g) Determine the cell notation for the redox reaction given below:  Pb(s)  + 2H⁺(aq)  → Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  + H<sub>2</sub>(g)  A)  H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  B)  H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)  C)  Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pb(s)    H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s)  D)  Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)    H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)  E)  Pb(s)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)    Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ Pt(s) Pb2+(aq) ∣ H+(aq) ∣ Pt(s)

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Based on the following information, Cl2(g) + 2 e- → 2 Cl-(aq) E° = +1.36 V Mg2+(aq) + 2 e- → 2 Mg(s) E° = -2.37 V Which of the following chemical species is the strongest reducing agent?


A) Cl2(g)
B) Mg2+(aq)
C) Cl-(aq)
D) Mg(s)

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What is undergoing oxidation in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Pb(s) ∣ Pb2+(aq) What is undergoing oxidation in the redox reaction represented by the following cell notation? Pb(s)  ∣ Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)    H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  ∣ H<sub>2</sub>(g)  ∣ Pt(s)  A)  H<sub>2</sub>(g)  B)  H<sup>+</sup>(aq)  C)  Pb<sup>2+</sup>(aq)  D)  Pb(s)  E)  Pt(s) H+(aq) ∣ H2(g) ∣ Pt(s)


A) H2(g)
B) H+(aq)
C) Pb2+(aq)
D) Pb(s)
E) Pt(s)

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Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent?


A) Al(s)
B) Zn(s)
C) Mg(s)
D) Al3+(aq)
E) Mg2+(aq)

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Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [ Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.914 M and [   ] = 0.0230 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.32 V B)  +2.30 V C)  -2.32 V D)  -2.30 V E)  +1.23 V ] = 0.914 M and [ Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.914 M and [   ] = 0.0230 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.32 V B)  +2.30 V C)  -2.32 V D)  -2.30 V E)  +1.23 V ] = 0.0230 M Mg(s) + Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.914 M and [   ] = 0.0230 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.32 V B)  +2.30 V C)  -2.32 V D)  -2.30 V E)  +1.23 V (aq) → Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [   ] = 0.914 M and [   ] = 0.0230 M Mg(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  + Fe(s)  E°(Mg<sup>2+</sup>/Mg)  = -2.37 V and E°(Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe)  = -0.036 V A)  +2.32 V B)  +2.30 V C)  -2.32 V D)  -2.30 V E)  +1.23 V (aq) + Fe(s) E°(Mg2+/Mg) = -2.37 V and E°(Fe3+/Fe) = -0.036 V


A) +2.32 V
B) +2.30 V
C) -2.32 V
D) -2.30 V
E) +1.23 V

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Match the following. -Q = K


A) Ecell = E°cell
B) Ecell > 0
C) Ecell = 0
D) E°cell > 0
E) E°cell < 0
F) Ecell < 0

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For a galvanic cell that uses the following two half-reactions, Cr2O72-(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6 e- → 2Cr3+(aq) + 7H2O(l) Pb(s) → Pb2+(aq) + 2 e- How many moles of Pb(s) are oxidized by three mol es of Cr2O72-?


A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 18

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Determine which of the following pairs of reactants will result in a spontaneous reaction at 25 °C.


A) I-(aq) + Zn2+(aq) ; if E°(I2/I-) = + 0.54V and E°(Zn2+/Zn) = -0.76V
B) Ca(s) + Mg2+(aq) ; if E°(Ca2+/Ca) = -2.76V and E°(Mg2+/Mg) = -2.37V
C) H2(g) + Cd2+(aq) ; if E°(Cd2+/Cd) = -0.40V
D) Ag(s) + Sn2+(aq) ; if E°(Ag+/Ag) = + 0.80V and E°(Sn2+/Sn) = -0.14V
E) Ag+(aq) + Mn2+(aq) ; if E°(Ag+/Ag) = + 0.80V and E°(MnO4-/Mn2+) = +1.51V

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Use the tabulated half-cell potentials to calculate the equilibrium constant (K) for the following balanced redox reaction at 25 °C: Pb2+(aq) + Cu(s) → Pb(s) + Cu2+(aq) E°(Pb2+/Pb) = -0.13 V and E°(Cu2+/Cu) = +0.34 V


A) 7.9 × 10-8
B) 8.9 × 107
C) 7.9 × 1015
D) 1.3 × 10-16
E) 1.1 × 10-8

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Which of the following reactions would have the smallest value of K at 298 K?


A) A + B → C; E°cell = +1.22 V
B) A + 2 B → C; E°cell = +0.98 V
C) A + B → 2 C; E°cell = -0.030 V
D) A + B → 3 C; E°cell = +0.15 V
E) A + B → C; E°cell = -0.015 V

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The standard cell potential (E°) of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s) + The standard cell potential (E°)  of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  +   (g)  With   = 1.0 atm and [   ] = 1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of   in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L<sup>-1</sup>. A)  3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup> B)  2.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> C)  1.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup><sup>1</sup> D)  0.73 E)  5.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup> (aq) → The standard cell potential (E°)  of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  +   (g)  With   = 1.0 atm and [   ] = 1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of   in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L<sup>-1</sup>. A)  3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup> B)  2.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> C)  1.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup><sup>1</sup> D)  0.73 E)  5.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup> (aq) + The standard cell potential (E°)  of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  +   (g)  With   = 1.0 atm and [   ] = 1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of   in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L<sup>-1</sup>. A)  3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup> B)  2.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> C)  1.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup><sup>1</sup> D)  0.73 E)  5.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup> (g) With The standard cell potential (E°)  of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  +   (g)  With   = 1.0 atm and [   ] = 1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of   in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L<sup>-1</sup>. A)  3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup> B)  2.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> C)  1.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup><sup>1</sup> D)  0.73 E)  5.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup> = 1.0 atm and [ The standard cell potential (E°)  of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  +   (g)  With   = 1.0 atm and [   ] = 1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of   in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L<sup>-1</sup>. A)  3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup> B)  2.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> C)  1.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup><sup>1</sup> D)  0.73 E)  5.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup> ] = 1.0 mol L-1, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of The standard cell potential (E°)  of a voltaic cell constructed using the cell reaction below is 0.76 V: Zn(s)  +   (aq)  →   (aq)  +   (g)  With   = 1.0 atm and [   ] = 1.0 mol L<sup>-1</sup>, the cell potential is 0.45 V. The concentration of   in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L<sup>-1</sup>. A)  3.3 × 10<sup>-11</sup> B)  2.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> C)  1.1 × 10<sup>-2</sup><sup>1</sup> D)  0.73 E)  5.8 × 10<sup>-6</sup> in the cathode compartment is ________ mol L-1.


A) 3.3 × 10-11
B) 2.4 × 10-3
C) 1.1 × 10-21
D) 0.73
E) 5.8 × 10-6

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Use the standard half-cell potentials listed below to calculate the standard cell potential for the following reaction occurring in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C. (The equation is balanced.) 2 Ag+(aq) + Pb(s) → 2Ag(s) + Pb2+(aq) Ag+(aq) + e- → Ag(s) E°= 0.80 V Pb2+(aq) + 2 e- → Pb(s) E°= -0.13 V


A) +0.93 V
B) +1.85 V
C) -5.32 V
D) +5.47 V
E) +0.67 V

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