A) Lewis Hine
B) Hiram Johnson
C) Florence Kelley
D) Robert M. La Follette
E) Louis Brandeis
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A) He was a professor and college president.
B) He was the leading Roman Catholic politician at the turn of the century.
C) He was the progressive governor of Oregon.
D) He got nearly all of his ideas from Populist reformers.
E) He was the first Californian to win the White House.
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A) Standard Oil Trust.
B) McClure's magazine.
C) J.P. Morgan Bank.
D) Congress.
E) poverty in America.
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A) It was more lenient toward Big Business than was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
B) It outlawed price discrimination and exempted labor unions from anti-trust laws.
C) Labor union leaders originally opposed it.
D) Theodore Roosevelt considered it the crowning achievement of his administration.
E) It made it possible for corporate officials to be held responsible for violations.
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A) It raised the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson.
B) It lowered the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson.
C) It raised the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson.
D) It lowered the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson.
E) It kept tariffs the same as under Taft and Roosevelt.
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A) to end the Great Depression, which had begun during the end of Roosevelt's last term as president
B) to nationalize the banking system so that all banks became public institutions rather than private corporations
C) to promote the gold standard in such a way that the banking system of the United States was identical to that of the Civil War
D) to require every state-chartered bank to become a member of the Federal Reserve system and regulate them closely
E) to adjust the nation's currency supply and create a national banking system to promote growth and ensure the stability of member banks
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A) was Woodrow Wilson's closest adviser who worked behind the scenes to excite and mobilize others despite not holding an official government position
B) ran in the election of 1912 as a socialist who promoted Christianity over Marxism and democracy over totalitarianism
C) was an author and teacher who became a muckraker to call attention to abuses by oil companies and insisted it was up to the people to fix them
D) endorsed a Square Deal for "every man, great or small, rich or poor" that featured the "Three Cs" marked by greater government control
E) helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and questioned the idea of a "New Freedom" for white Americans and a "new slavery" for Afro-Americans
F) organized demonstrations on behalf of women's rights during Woodrow Wilson's presidency and went on a hunger strike while in prison
G) wrote Congressional Government and created the Federal Trade Commission to prevent the creation of monopolistic trusts
H) promoted the prohibition of alcohol as well as the creation of an eight-hour workday, the regulation of child labor, and government-funded kindergartens
I) served on the Ohio Supreme Court, was the first American governor-general of the Philippines, and was a cautious and conservative progressive
J) was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court who designed the New Freedom to be a means of restoring economic competition
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A) Governments must become more active to address the problems created by rapid industrial and urban growth.
B) The Democratic party must once again hold national political power in order to meet the war head-on.
C) Racism was an injustice, and the law should not discriminate between African Americans and white Americans.
D) Women were equal to men in ability and should be afforded the same opportunities in professional and political spheres.
E) Society would only progress when competition was allowed to take place without governmental regulation.
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A) Running against Taft of the Republican party and Woodrow Wilson of the Democratic party, Roosevelt created the Progressive party with a platform that revealed his liberalism.
B) Roosevelt was so desperate after it became clear that he would likely lose the Republican nomination that he rejected many of his earlier ideas such as a minimum "living wage."
C) Roosevelt decided to run as Taft's vice president because he had enough of the limelight but felt pressure to use the office to promote certain business interests.
D) Although he had lost most of his popularity and suffered for it during the party primaries, Roosevelt managed to win the nomination by appealing to party bosses as party leader.
E) Roosevelt proved victorious mostly due to the fact that the Democratic party had split in two due to the controversial platform of the southerner Woodrow Wilson.
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A) was Woodrow Wilson's closest adviser who worked behind the scenes to excite and mobilize others despite not holding an official government position
B) ran in the election of 1912 as a socialist who promoted Christianity over Marxism and democracy over totalitarianism
C) was an author and teacher who became a muckraker to call attention to abuses by oil companies and insisted it was up to the people to fix them
D) endorsed a Square Deal for "every man, great or small, rich or poor" that featured the "Three Cs" marked by greater government control
E) helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and questioned the idea of a "New Freedom" for white Americans and a "new slavery" for Afro-Americans
F) organized demonstrations on behalf of women's rights during Woodrow Wilson's presidency and went on a hunger strike while in prison
G) wrote Congressional Government and created the Federal Trade Commission to prevent the creation of monopolistic trusts
H) promoted the prohibition of alcohol as well as the creation of an eight-hour workday, the regulation of child labor, and government-funded kindergartens
I) served on the Ohio Supreme Court, was the first American governor-general of the Philippines, and was a cautious and conservative progressive
J) was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court who designed the New Freedom to be a means of restoring economic competition
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A) He believed strongly that natural resources should be preserved, but felt that this was a matter for state, not federal, action.
B) He angered many conservationists by his appointment of Gifford Pinchot, a businessman with no experience in conservation, as head of the Division of Forestry.
C) He was passionately committed to environmental conservation and, as a result, created federal wildlife refuges and national parks.
D) He was worried about what limits placed on logging and mining opportunities would do to the economy and large industries and, thus, attacked promoters of conservation.
E) He had spent little time outdoors himself and remained indifferent on the issue of conservation, leaving the matter entirely up to Congress.
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A) was Woodrow Wilson's closest adviser who worked behind the scenes to excite and mobilize others despite not holding an official government position
B) ran in the election of 1912 as a socialist who promoted Christianity over Marxism and democracy over totalitarianism
C) was an author and teacher who became a muckraker to call attention to abuses by oil companies and insisted it was up to the people to fix them
D) endorsed a Square Deal for "every man, great or small, rich or poor" that featured the "Three Cs" marked by greater government control
E) helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and questioned the idea of a "New Freedom" for white Americans and a "new slavery" for Afro-Americans
F) organized demonstrations on behalf of women's rights during Woodrow Wilson's presidency and went on a hunger strike while in prison
G) wrote Congressional Government and created the Federal Trade Commission to prevent the creation of monopolistic trusts
H) promoted the prohibition of alcohol as well as the creation of an eight-hour workday, the regulation of child labor, and government-funded kindergartens
I) served on the Ohio Supreme Court, was the first American governor-general of the Philippines, and was a cautious and conservative progressive
J) was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court who designed the New Freedom to be a means of restoring economic competition
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A) Eugene V. Debs
B) Theodore Roosevelt
C) William Howard Taft
D) Woodrow Wilson
E) Grover Cleveland
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A) They directed their attention to the problems faced by the working poor and immigrant communities living in cities.
B) They often expressed moral disapproval of the behavior of immigrants and favored well-off families when choosing tenants.
C) They spoke against the social gospel movement and initially focused only on political rather than social reform.
D) They tended to consist of second-generation lower-class immigrants helping first-generation lower-class immigrants.
E) They encouraged people in the cities to move to the rural areas by providing lodging there.
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A) converting Americans to socialism
B) exposing social problems to the public
C) increasing the circulation of sensationalist newspapers
D) proposing detailed legislation
E) destroying the Republican party
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