Question 1

What city benefited the most from the opening of the Erie Canal?

Accepted Answer

A)   New York
B)   Boston
C)   Philadelphia
D)   Chicago

Question 2

To emphasize the heartlessness of the northern free labor system, what did southern defenders of slavery call factory workers?

Accepted Answer

A)   wage slaves
B)   factory bondsmen
C)   time servers
D)   owners' serfs

Question 3

Frequent absenteeism and job changes would best be explained as an example of factory workers asserting the small degree of control they had over __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a labor system that paid poorly and demanded long hours
B)   a political system slow to respond to their needs
C)   their right to decide whether to work on the Sabbath
D)   contributing their artisanal skills to industrial production

Question 4

The religion that captured the attention of the new middle class in the early 1800s __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   emphasized an intellectual as opposed to emotional experience
B)   convinced its converts that original sin doomed all but an elite to damnation
C)   had its greatest impact on young males
D)   incorporated an enthusiastic evangelistic approach to religious practice

Question 5

The profits made by the Boston Associates in Francis Cabot Lowell's integrated cotton mill, which opened in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1814, allowed them to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   survive the British economic competition that followed the War of 1812
B)   loan money to the national government to assist it during the Panic of 1819
C)   establish a series of factories in the South to spin cotton into textiles
D)   finance overland or water passages for young New England farm girls seeking factory employment in the Old Northwest

Question 6

The National Road stretched from Cumberland, Maryland, to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Saint Augustine, Florida
B)   Savanah, Georgia
C)   Vandalia, Illinois
D)   Saint Louis, Missouri

Question 7

Which of the following was true of the Second Great Awakening?

Accepted Answer

A)   It made conversion and repentance public acts.
B)   It placed new emphasis on the concept of original sin.
C)   It appealed to men much more than women.
D)   It had little impact outside of New England.

Question 8

By the 1850s at Lowell, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Irish immigrants had replaced New England women as workers
B)   the Lowell system had been widely copied across New England
C)   more women than ever were working in the mills
D)   most residents were self-sufficient farm workers

Question 9

How did farming in the Yankee West in the first half of the nineteenth century differ from farming in New England in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:

Commerc...

Question 10

Why were steamboats especially important in improving transportation in the American interior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Steamboats were faster than flatboats and barges and could travel upstream, which resulted in a transformation of commerce on the inland river system.
B)   Steamboats were the safest means of moving goods long distances.
C)   No roads or canals were built west of the Appalachians before the Civil War.
D)   Until the development of the internal combustion engine, railroads were impractical for long-distance transportation.

Question 11

The first transportation project to span the United States from the east coast to the Mississippi River was the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Erie Canal
B)   National Road
C)   Wilderness Road
D)   Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

Question 12

Among the primary reasons that young farm women moved from the farm to work in textile mill towns in the early nineteenth century was to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   save their families from economic collapse
B)   escape unhappy marriages
C)   escape farm life and earn wages
D)   find husbands

Question 13

Why did employers in the garment industry prefer hiring female workers to sew ready-made clothing?

Accepted Answer

A)   Women had few other opportunities and could be hired for very low wages.
B)   Many women were already skilled seamstresses, so no training was needed.
C)   They wanted to supply a form of work for young women that would be considered more respectable than other forms of work outside the home.
D)   Employers did not prefer hiring women but were forced to do so because of the short supply of low-skilled men.

Question 14

What term is used to describe the new class of workers, such as accountants, bank tellers, clerks, bookkeepers, and insurance agents, whose jobs were created by the market revolution?

Accepted Answer

A)   middle class
B)   journeymen
C)   paupers
D)   yeomen

Question 15

In what way were mid-nineteenth-century sentimentalism and transcendentalism related?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both appealed to the emotions and personal feelings.
B)   By adopting a sentimental outlook, people could transcend the moral boundaries of society.
C)   Both emphasized personal freedom unrestrained by conformity to community standards.
D)   Both were impractical and escapist rejections of the changes brought on by the market revolution.

Question 16

Catharine Beecher's book A Treatise on Domestic Economy illustrated the need for __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   helping middle-class women modernize their tasks and family roles
B)   suffrage for women
C)   occupational training for working-class and immigrant women
D)   new attitudes on sexuality and childbearing for middle-class women

Question 17

In what ways was the transportation revolution "revolutionary"? What were its economic and social consequences?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:

Roads: ...

Question 18

Francis Cabot Lowell and Paul Moody changed textile manufacturing with their invention of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a power loom
B)   a carding machine
C)   an assembly line
D)   a power sewing machine

Question 19

After the opening of the Erie Canal, the production of homespun cloth in cities along its route __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   declined rapidly
B)   expanded slightly
C)   remained constant
D)   grew rapidly

Question 20

Why did many readers consider Margaret Fuller to be more radical than Ralph Waldo Emerson?

Accepted Answer

A)   Unlike Emerson, whose concepts of individualism and self-reliance applied to the middle-class businessman, Fuller lamented women's wasted potential.
B)   While Emerson praised family life, Fuller never married and remained childless.
C)   Unlike Emerson, who participated in daily life, Fuller withdrew to a cabin in the woods to seek "the essential facts of life."
D)   Unlike Emerson, who questioned the merits of the market revolution, Fuller threw herself into commerce and became a wealthy businesswoman.

Exam 12: Industry and the North

What term is used to describe the new class of workers, such as accountants, bank tellers, clerks, bookkeepers, and insurance agents, whose jobs were created by the market revolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what ways was the transportation revolution "revolutionary"? What were its economic and social consequences?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe ideal answer should include:Roads: ...View AnswerShow Answer

How did farming in the Yankee West in the first half of the nineteenth century differ from farming in New England in the eighteenth century?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe ideal answer should include:Commerc...View AnswerShow Answer

The religion that captured the attention of the new middle class in the early 1800s __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why did many readers consider Margaret Fuller to be more radical than Ralph Waldo Emerson?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what way were mid-nineteenth-century sentimentalism and transcendentalism related?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The National Road stretched from Cumberland, Maryland, to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why were steamboats especially important in improving transportation in the American interior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After the opening of the Erie Canal, the production of homespun cloth in cities along its route __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frequent absenteeism and job changes would best be explained as an example of factory workers asserting the small degree of control they had over __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By the 1850s at Lowell, __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The profits made by the Boston Associates in Francis Cabot Lowell's integrated cotton mill, which opened in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1814, allowed them to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first transportation project to span the United States from the east coast to the Mississippi River was the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was true of the Second Great Awakening?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What city benefited the most from the opening of the Erie Canal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Catharine Beecher's book A Treatise on Domestic Economy illustrated the need for __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Francis Cabot Lowell and Paul Moody changed textile manufacturing with their invention of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To emphasize the heartlessness of the northern free labor system, what did southern defenders of slavery call factory workers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among the primary reasons that young farm women moved from the farm to work in textile mill towns in the early nineteenth century was to __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why did employers in the garment industry prefer hiring female workers to sew ready-made clothing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The ideal answer should include:
Roads: ...
View Answer

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The ideal answer should include:
Commerc...
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