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Exam 7: Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions

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Question 31

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A 1.00-kg duck is flying overhead at 1.50 m/s when a hunter fires straight up. The 0.0100-kg bullet is moving 200 m/s when it hits the duck and stays lodged in the duck's body. What is the speed of the duck and bullet immediately after the hit?

A) 1.49 m/s
B) 1.80 m/s
C) 2.48 m/s
D) 2.50 m/s

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Question 32

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A miniature spring-loaded, radio-controlled gun is mounted on an air puck. The gun's bullet has a mass of 5.00 g, and the gun and puck have a combined mass of 130 g. With the system initially at rest, the radio controlled trigger releases the bullet causing the puck and empty gun to move with a speed of 0.500 m/s. What is the bullet's speed?

A) 4.80 m/s
B) 13.0 m/s
C) 48.0 m/s
D) 12.5 m/s

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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A "double satellite" is launched into space. It consists of a satellite of mass m and another satellite of mass 5m. The connecting mechanism of these satellites is an explosive bolt and a compressed spring, both of negligible mass. The bolt is exploded and the satellites drift apart having been pushed by the spring. When the less massive satellite has moved a distance of 2.5 m from the center of mass of the double satellite, how far away from it is the satellite of greater mass?

An unfueled 1000-kg experimental rocket sled on level frictionless rails is loaded with 50 kg of propellant. It exhausts the propellant in a 20 s "burn." If the rocket, initially at rest, moves at 160 m/s after the burn, what impulse is experienced by the rocket sled?

Two identical 7-kg bowling balls roll toward each other. The one on the left is moving at +4 m/s while the one on the right is moving at -4 m/s. What is the velocity of each ball after they collide elastically?

A high-diver of mass 80 kg jumps off a board 10 m above the water. If 1.0 s after entering the water his downward motion is stopped, what average upward force did the water exert?

Object 1 has twice the mass of Object 2. Each of the objects has the same magnitude of momentum. Which of the following statements is true?

A 5-kg object is moving to the right at 4 m/s and collides with another object moving to the left at 5 m/s. The objects collide and stick together. After the collision, the combined object:

A model rocket sits on the launch pad until its fuel is ignited, blasting the rocket upward. During the short time of blast-off, as the ignited fuel goes down, the rocket goes up because:

Two billiard balls have velocities of 2.0 m/s and -1.0 m/s when they meet in an elastic head-on collision. What is the final velocity of the second ball after collision?

The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to its change in:

Lonnie pitches a baseball of mass 0.15 kg. The ball arrives at home plate with a speed of 40 m/s and is batted straight back to Lonnie with a return speed of 60 m/s. If the bat is in contact with the ball for 0.050 s, what is the impulse experienced by the ball?

A crane drops a 0.40-kg steel ball onto a steel plate. The ball's speeds just before impact and after are 4.5 m/s and 4.2 m/s, respectively. If the ball is in contact with the plate for 0.030 s, what is the magnitude of the average force that the ball exerts on the plate during impact?

Two masses m₁ and m₂, with m₁ > m₂, have momenta with equal magnitudes. How do their kinetic energies compare?

In a two-body collision, if the momentum of the system is conserved, then which of the following best describes the kinetic energy after the collision?

Jerome pitches a baseball of mass 0.15 kg. The ball arrives at home plate with a speed of 40 m/s and is batted straight back to Jerome with a return speed of 60 m/s. What is the magnitude of change in the ball's momentum?

A cannon of mass 1500 kg fires a 10-kg shell with a velocity of 200 m/s at an angle of 30 $\degree$ above the horizontal. Find the recoil velocity of the cannon across the level ground.

A billiard ball is moving in the x direction at 40.0 cm/s and strikes another billiard ball moving in the y direction at 30.0 cm/s. As a result of the collision, the first ball moves at 50.0 cm/s, and the second ball stops. What is the change in kinetic energy of the system as a result of the collision?

A 1000-kg vehicle is moving in the positive y-direction along the y-axis at 10 m/s. A 2000-kg vehicle is moving in the positive x-direction at along the x-axis at 20 m/s. The vehicles collide and stick together. They move as a single object in a direction as measured counterclockwise from the x-axis immediately after the collision. What is the value of ?

A railroad freight car, mass 15,000 kg, is allowed to coast along a level track at a speed of 2.0 m/s. It collides and couples with a 60,000-kg loaded second car, initially at rest and with brakes released. What percentage of the initial kinetic energy of the 15,000-kg car is preserved in the two-coupled cars after collision?