Question 1

The hormones that come from the posterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

A)   are synthesized there and are released upon signals from the anterior pituitary.
B)   are synthesized in the hypothalamus and are released from the posterior pituitary when nerve signals arrive.
C)   are synthesized in the anterior pituitary and are transported to and from the posterior pituitary by the primary and secondary plexus.
D)   are synthesized in the posterior pituitary and released by the anterior pituitary by way of the hypophyseal portal system. B

Question 2

During thyroid surgery, a surgeon mistakenly removes the parathyroid glands from his patient. Which of the following is a likely outcome in the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood calcium levels will drop.
B)   His kidneys will decrease the loss of calcium in the urine.
C)   He will lose bone mass due to excessive bone erosion.
D)   His blood sugar will increase.

Question 3

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is one of the regulatory hormones released by the hypothalamus that acts on the pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which is not a cell type found in the pancreatic islets?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alpha cell
B)   Delta cell
C)   Beta cell
D)   F cell
E)   C cell E

Question 5

The parathyroid glands are located

Accepted Answer

A)   just below the thalamus.
B)   within the thymus.
C)   above the kidneys.
D)   anterior to the thyroid gland.
E)   posterior to the thyroid gland.

Question 6

Cortisol binds to ________ receptors and has the effect of ________ blood glucose levels.

Accepted Answer

A)   intracellular; raising
B)   intracellular; lowering
C)   membrane-bound; raising
D)   membrane-bound; lowering A

Question 7

Increasing levels of cortisol inhibit the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Glucagon and insulin work ________ on blood glucose levels.

Accepted Answer

A)   antagonistically
B)   permissively
C)   synergistically

Question 9

Which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Autocrine hormone
B)   Water-soluble hormone
C)   Oligopeptide
D)   Lipid-soluble hormone

Question 10

The disease called ________ is caused by excessive secretion of glucocorticoids, and is characterized by redistribution of body fat to produce characteristic features such as "moon face."

Accepted Answer

A)   Cushing syndrome
B)   Addison disease
C)   androgenital syndrome
D)   pheochromocytoma
E)   Graves disease

Question 11

Which is not true about the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

A)   It requires iodine to synthesize thyroid hormone.
B)   It is located on the anterior surface of the trachea, inferior to the thyroid cartilage.
C)   It has two lobes connected by a central portion called the commissure.
D)   It secretes thyroid hormone in response to stimulation by TSH.
E)   An enlargement of the thyroid gland is called a goiter.

Question 12

Which lobe of the pituitary is larger and secretes more hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anterior pituitary
B)   Posterior pituitary

Question 13

Like all other hormone transport proteins, albumin is highly specific in terms of which hormone it carries through the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is

Accepted Answer

A)   insulin.
B)   glucagon.
C)   glucocorticoid.
D)   somatostatin.
E)   epinephrine.

Question 15

Excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults can cause

Accepted Answer

A)   Graves disease.
B)   acromegaly.
C)   pituitary gigantism.
D)   pituitary dwarfism.
E)   Cushing syndrome.

Question 16

How does aging affect the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Secretory activity of endocrine glands decreases.
B)   Normal levels of hormones, particularly growth hormone and sex hormones, often decrease.
C)   Aging reduces the efficiency of endocrine system functions.
D)   Endocrine system imbalances can lead to weight gain or muscle loss.
E)   All of the choices are correct.

Question 17

The word "cascade" can be defined as a series of small waterfalls, one leading to the next. Describe a specific second-messenger cascade that results from the series of chemical reactions (from one to the next) initiated by a hormone binding to its receptor.

Accepted Answer

One example is how glucagon works throug...

Question 18

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pancreatic polypeptide
B)   Somatostatin
C)   Glucagon
D)   Insulin
E)   Somatotropin

Question 19

The pituitary gland is located ________ to the hypothalamus and is connected by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   superior; thalamus
B)   inferior; infundibulum
C)   inferior; epithalamus
D)   posterior; infundibulum

Question 20

The small, cone-shaped gland that is in the epithalamus of the brain is the ________ gland.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The small, cone-shaped gland that is in...

Exam 17: Endocrine System

The hormones that come from the posterior pituitary

Correct AnswerverifiedB

During thyroid surgery, a surgeon mistakenly removes the parathyroid glands from his patient. Which of the following is a likely outcome in the patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is one of the regulatory hormones released by the hypothalamus that acts on the pituitary.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not a cell type found in the pancreatic islets?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The parathyroid glands are located

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cortisol binds to ________ receptors and has the effect of ________ blood glucose levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Increasing levels of cortisol inhibit the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucagon and insulin work ________ on blood glucose levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The disease called ________ is caused by excessive secretion of glucocorticoids, and is characterized by redistribution of body fat to produce characteristic features such as "moon face."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not true about the thyroid gland?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which lobe of the pituitary is larger and secretes more hormones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like all other hormone transport proteins, albumin is highly specific in terms of which hormone it carries through the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults can cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does aging affect the endocrine system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The word "cascade" can be defined as a series of small waterfalls, one leading to the next. Describe a specific second-messenger cascade that results from the series of chemical reactions (from one to the next) initiated by a hormone binding to its receptor.

Correct AnswerverifiedOne example is how glucagon works throug...View AnswerShow Answer

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pituitary gland is located ________ to the hypothalamus and is connected by the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The small, cone-shaped gland that is in the epithalamus of the brain is the ________ gland.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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E

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Cortisol binds to receptors and has the effect of blood glucose levels.

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A

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One example is how glucagon works throug...
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The pituitary gland is located to the hypothalamus and is connected by the .

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