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A decrease in the compliance of the lungs will cause the muscles of the lungs to work (harder / less)to expand the lungs to the same volume.

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The difference between what two pressures drives air into and out of the lungs?


A) intrapleural and intra- alveolar
B) pulmonary venous and atmospheric
C) atmospheric and intrapleural
D) central venous and intracoronary
E) atmospheric and intra- alveolar

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The trachea rhythmically collapses and expands during the respiratory cycle.

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Equilibration of pressure between the intrapleural space and the alveoli will lead to which of the following?


A) air moving out of the lungs
B) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C) a pneumothorax (the lung will collapse)
D) air moving into the lungs
E) restrictive pulmonary disease

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The lung is expanded during inspiration by the transpulmonary pressure that pulls on the lung as the chest wall expands.

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Intrapleural fluid is incompressible, which means that its volume does not change even as the chest wall expands and contracts as one breathes.

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What happens to the amount of cilia lining the inner walls of the respiratory tract as it moves down from the upper conducting zone to the lower respiratory zone?


A) thickens
B) decreases
C) no change
D) increases
E) atrophies

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The maximum volume of air that can be expired following a resting expiration is called


A) tidal volume.
B) expiratory reserve volume.
C) vital capacity.
D) inspiratory reserve volume.
E) inspiratory capacity.

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The surface tension of the alveolus is reduced by surfactants produced by what type of cells?


A) ciliated
B) goblet
C) type I alveolar
D) type II alveolar
E) type III alveolar

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