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Exam 20: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

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Question 31

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Discuss the two types of poliovirus vaccines available, including the advantages and disadvantages of each.

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The two types of poliovirus vaccine are ...

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Question 32

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Poliovirus is most often transmitted via

A) droplets.
B) endospores.
C) contaminated water.
D) household pets.
E) mosquitoes.

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Question 33

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When a strong T cell immune response against Mycobacterium leprae fails to develop, (lepromatous/tuberculoid) leprosy results.

A baby arrives at an emergency room suffering from violent muscles spasms and difficulty breathing. The babyʹs body is so rigid a proper exam is difficult, but the staff note the baby is only a few weeks old and the umbilicus has not healed properly. The signs are consistent with which of the following diseases?

The pleomorphic bacterium is an obligate parasite due to its requirement for NAD + and heme.

The Gram-negative diplococcus is resistant to phagocytosis and releases Lipid A to cause inflammation.

A one-year-old child is brought to the hospital with high fever and limited range of motion of the head. The child frequently rubs her head. A recent history is not immediately available due to a language barrier on the part of the parent. The attending physician suspects meningitis and orders a sample of CFS be collected. Describe the various diagnoses possible based on the results with the CSF.

Functions of the meninges include

Naturally-occurring poliomyelitis has occurred as recently as 2007 in the Americas.

The neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum produce (paralysis/spasms/weakness) by interfering with acetylcholine secretion.

Contaminated food is the source of , which causes meningitis in the elderly and susceptible persons.

Which of the following nervous system diseases is treated with both passive and active immunization?

Newborns exposed to the Gram-positive bacterium during vaginal birth are at risk of developing neonatal meningitis.

Which of the following diseases is the result of a bacterial infection of peripheral nerves?

Botulism toxin disrupts motor control by

Slow deterioration of muscle function occurring over many years occurs in

The presence of (cocci/diplococci/coccobacilli/streptococci) in the CSF is consistent with infection with Listeria monocytogenes. (Describe the appearance of the cells.)

The condition called (conjunctivitis/keratitis/trachoma) is the result of infection of the cornea.

Negri bodies are a characteristic microscopic finding in the diagnosis of (encephalitis/leprosy/rabies).

A child is brought to the hospital with a high fever, nausea, and vomiting, and complaining of headache. The cerebrospinal fluid collected by spinal tap is cloudy and contains spherical cells which stain Gram-positive. These signs and symptoms are consistent with