Question 1

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen.
B)   water.
C)   NAD⁺.
D)   pyruvate.

Question 2

In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions

Accepted Answer

A)   are the source of energy driving prokaryotic ATP synthesis.
B)   provide the energy that establishes the proton gradient.
C)   reduce carbon atoms to carbon dioxide.
D)   are coupled via phosphorylated intermediates to endergonic processes.

Question 3

Use the following information to answer the question below.

The citric acid cycle.
If pyruvate oxidation is blocked, what will happen to the levels of oxaloacetate and citric acid in the citric acid cycle shown in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oxaloacetate will decrease and citric acid will accumulate.
B)   Oxaloacetate will accumulate and citric acid will decrease.
C)   Both oxaloacetate and citric acid will decrease.
D)   Both oxaloacetate and citric acid will accumulate.

Question 4

In the presence of oxygen, the three-carbon compound pyruvate can be catabolized in the citric acid cycle. First, however, the pyruvate (1)  loses a carbon, which is given off as a molecule of CO₂, (2)  is oxidized to form a two-carbon compound called acetate, and (3)  is bonded to coenzyme A. Which of the following sets of products result from these reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)   acetyl CoA, O₂, and ATP
B)   acetyl CoA, FADH₂, and CO₂
C)   acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO₂
D)   acetyl CoA, NAD⁺, ATP, and CO₂

Question 5

Most CO₂ from catabolism is released during

Accepted Answer

A)   glycolysis.
B)   the citric acid cycle.
C)   lactate fermentation.
D)   electron transport.

Question 6

What is the oxidizing agent in the following reaction?
Pyruvate + NADH + H⁻ Lactate + NAD⁻

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen
B)   NADH
C)   lactate
D)   pyruvate

Question 7

Starting with one molecule of glucose, glycolysis results in the net production of which of the following sets of energy-containing products?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 NAD⁺, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP
B)   2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP
C)   4 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and 4 ATP
D)   6 CO₂, 2 pyruvate, and 2 ATP

Question 8

When a molecule of NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)  gains a hydrogen atom (not a proton) , the molecule becomes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydrogenated
B)   oxidized
C)   reduced
D)   redoxed

Question 9

Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   0%
B)   2%
C)   38%
D)   100%

Question 10

A person on a strict diet and exercise regimen lost 7 kg (about 15 pounds)  of body fat in just two weeks. What is the most likely way that the lost fat left the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   It was released as CO₂ and H₂O.
B)   It was converted to heat and then released.
C)   It was converted to ATP, which weighs much less than fat.
D)   It was eliminated from the body as feces.

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes the primary role played by oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   It yields energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the electron transport chain.
B)   It oxidizes glucose to form two molecules of pyruvate.
C)   It serves as an acceptor for carbon, forming CO₂ in the citric acid cycle.
D)   It serves as the final acceptor for electrons from the electron transport chain.

Question 12

Which electron carrier(s)  function in the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   NAD⁺ only
B)   NADH and FADH₂
C)   the electron transport chain
D)   ADP and ATP

Question 13

In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   two molecules of ATP are used, and two molecules of ATP are produced
B)   two molecules of ATP are used, and four molecules of ATP are produced
C)   four molecules of ATP are used, and two molecules of ATP are produced
D)   two molecules of ATP are used, and six molecules of ATP are produced

Question 14

Which of the following processes generates a proton-motive force in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)   the flow of protons through ATP synthase down their concentration gradient
B)   the reduction of NAD⁺ by the first electron carrier in the electron transport chain
C)   lowering of pH in the mitochondrial matrix
D)   pumping of hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space

Question 15

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is directly involved in which of the following processes or events?

Accepted Answer

A)   glycolysis
B)   accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain
C)   the citric acid cycle
D)   the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

Question 16

Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   substrate-level phosphorylation
B)   oxidative phosphorylation
C)   ATP hydrolysis
D)   reduction of NAD⁺ to NADH

Question 17

If glucose is the sole energy source, what fraction of the carbon dioxide exhaled by animals is generated only by the reactions involved in oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

A)   1/6
B)   1/3
C)   2/3
D)   all of it

Question 18

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)  in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   4
C)   18-24
D)   30-32

Question 19

Which of the summary statements below describes the results of the following reaction?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Energy

Accepted Answer

A)   C₆H₁₂O₆ is oxidized and O₂ is reduced.
B)   O₂ is oxidized and H₂O is reduced.
C)   CO₂ is reduced and O₂ is oxidized.
D)   O₂ is reduced and CO₂ is oxidized.

Question 20

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the production of which of the following sets of molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP, CO₂, and ethanol (ethyl alcohol) 
B)   ATP, CO₂, and lactate
C)   ATP, NADH, and ethanol
D)   ATP, CO₂, and acetyl CoA

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis?

Correct Answer
verified

In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate, ________.

Correct Answer
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Which of the summary statements below describes the results of the following reaction? C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Energy

Correct Answer
verified

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) in aerobic cellular respiration?

Correct Answer
verified

When a molecule of NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom (not a proton) , the molecule becomes ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis?

Correct Answer
verified

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is directly involved in which of the following processes or events?

Correct Answer
verified

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the production of which of the following sets of molecules?

Correct Answer
verified

In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions

Correct Answer
verified

Starting with one molecule of glucose, glycolysis results in the net production of which of the following sets of energy-containing products?

Correct Answer
verified

A person on a strict diet and exercise regimen lost 7 kg (about 15 pounds) of body fat in just two weeks. What is the most likely way that the lost fat left the body?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following information to answer the question below. The citric acid cycle. If pyruvate oxidation is blocked, what will happen to the levels of oxaloacetate and citric acid in the citric acid cycle shown in the accompanying figure?

Correct Answer
verified

Most CO₂ from catabolism is released during

Correct Answer
verified

Which electron carrier(s) function in the citric acid cycle?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

If glucose is the sole energy source, what fraction of the carbon dioxide exhaled by animals is generated only by the reactions involved in oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements best describes the primary role played by oxygen in cellular respiration?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the oxidizing agent in the following reaction? Pyruvate + NADH + H⁻ Lactate + NAD⁻

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes generates a proton-motive force in mitochondria?

Correct Answer
verified

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the summary statements below describes the results of the following reaction? C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Energy

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) in aerobic cellular respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a molecule of NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom (not a proton) , the molecule becomes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is directly involved in which of the following processes or events?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the production of which of the following sets of molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In mitochondria, exergonic redox reactions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Starting with one molecule of glucose, glycolysis results in the net production of which of the following sets of energy-containing products?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person on a strict diet and exercise regimen lost 7 kg (about 15 pounds) of body fat in just two weeks. What is the most likely way that the lost fat left the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following information to answer the question below. The citric acid cycle. If pyruvate oxidation is blocked, what will happen to the levels of oxaloacetate and citric acid in the citric acid cycle shown in the accompanying figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most CO₂ from catabolism is released during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which electron carrier(s) function in the citric acid cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If glucose is the sole energy source, what fraction of the carbon dioxide exhaled by animals is generated only by the reactions involved in oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best describes the primary role played by oxygen in cellular respiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the oxidizing agent in the following reaction? Pyruvate + NADH + H⁻ Lactate + NAD⁻

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes generates a proton-motive force in mitochondria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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