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A shared notion of reality that is widely accepted but is a function of society and culture at a given time is/are called


A) topical areas of lifespan development.
B) social construction.
C) age ranges.
D) social development.

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Freud and Erikson agreed that human development is relatively complete by adolescence.

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A researcher is interested in conducting a study to determine whether people who experienced a devastating event, such as a house fire where the family lost everything, perform differently on problem solving tasks long afterwards.This researcher is interested in the ________ development of the subject(s) .


A) personality
B) social
C) cognitive
D) physical

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Which aspect(s) of development are NOT adequately addressed by the information-processing approach?


A) Creativity and social/cultural development
B) Continuous and discontinuous growth
C) Qualitative vs.quantitative development
D) Piagetian vs.neo-Piagetian theory

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What type of developmental approach is cutting edge and at the forefront of research when working with genes associated with mental health disorders such as autism and schizophrenia?


A) Behaviour modification
B) Social-cognitive
C) Cognitive neuroscience
D) Neo-Piagetian

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Social-cognitive learning theorists argue that the difference between people and animals is the occurrence of


A) classical conditioning.
B) operant conditioning.
C) thoughts and expectations.
D) reinforcement/punishment.

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The device that provides a detailed, three-dimensional computer-generated image of brain activity by aiming a powerful magnetic field at the brain is called a(n) ______.


A) EEG
B) psychophysiological
C) CAT scan
D) fMRI scan

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When discussing developmental diversity, what characteristic of good parenting do Mayan mothers consider essential?


A) laying their infants down
B) maintaining constant contact between themselves and their infant children
C) providing constant nourishment of their children
D) allowing their infants to cry

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Approximately how many babies have been born through in vitro fertilization (IVF) ?


A) 15000
B) 150000
C) 1.5 million
D) 15 million

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A researcher working with CFL players is conducting a longitudinal study to examine an athlete's decline in physical performance as the athlete ages.What type of development would the researcher most likely be studying?


A) cognitive
B) personality
C) physical
D) social

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Based on information in the textbook, what are some criticisms of the evolutionary perspectives?

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1) The evolutionary perspective pays ins...

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What kind of evidence is based on one or two instances of a phenomenon, haphazardly discovered or encountered?


A) scientific
B) experimental
C) anecdotal
D) unethical

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Which perspective integrates the two major theories of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological approach and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?


A) Cognitive perspective
B) Humanistic perspective
C) Behavioural perspective
D) Contextual perspective

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Which approach builds on Piaget's research, and views cognition as made up of different types of individual skills, while using terminology from information processing approaches?


A) Neo-Piagetian
B) Information processing
C) Social-cognitive learning theory
D) Cognitive perspective

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Which of the following is a common criticism of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?


A) The theory focuses excessively on the period from infancy to adolescence.
B) The theory focuses on the life patterns of women more than men.
C) Its vagueness makes the theory difficult to challenge or confirm.
D) It makes a number of specific predictions that have not been supported by research data.

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Roger likes to buy lottery tickets regularly because he occasionally wins.This is an example of ________ behaviour.


A) reinforcement
B) classical conditioning
C) extinguishing
D) social-cognitive

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The device that uses electrodes placed on the outside of the skull to record electrical activity within the brain, and is used in psychophysiological research, is called a(n) __________.


A) CAT scan
B) fMRI scan
C) EEG
D) experience

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Sidney had been receiving a dollar for every time she cleaned her room, which she did quite often as a result.However, once her parents decided not to give her a reward for cleaning her room, Sydney gradually cleaned her room less and less often.What principle of conditioning does this change demonstrate?


A) modelling
B) reinforcement
C) punishment
D) extinction

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Researchers who are interested in the relationship between watching televised aggression and subsequent behaviour have found that children who watch a good deal of televised aggression (murders, crime shows, shootings, etc.) tend to be more aggressive than those who watch little of this type of television programming.This is an example of a(n) ____________ study.


A) scientific
B) experimental
C) theoretical
D) correlational

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According to Freud, a series of stages that children pass through in which pleasure, or gratification, is focused on a particular biological function and body part is called


A) psychosexual development.
B) the psychosexual approach.
C) the psychoanalytic theory.
D) the psychoanalytical approach.

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