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Exhibit 23-1 Exhibit 23-1    -Refer to Exhibit 23-1. If the product is produced under single-price monopoly, what do profits equal at the profit maximizing level of output? A) area 0P<sub>1</sub>BQ<sub>1</sub> B) area BCA C) area P<sub>1</sub>P<sub>2</sub>CB D) area P<sub>2</sub>CAP<sub>1</sub> E) none of the above -Refer to Exhibit 23-1. If the product is produced under single-price monopoly, what do profits equal at the profit maximizing level of output?


A) area 0P1BQ1
B) area BCA
C) area P1P2CB
D) area P2CAP1
E) none of the above

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Exhibit 23-7 Exhibit 23-7    -Refer to Exhibit 23-7. The total revenue collected by a profit-maximizing single-price monopolist is A) $4,500. B) $2,250. C) $6,750. D) $9,000. -Refer to Exhibit 23-7. The total revenue collected by a profit-maximizing single-price monopolist is


A) $4,500.
B) $2,250.
C) $6,750.
D) $9,000.

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If the monopoly firm's marginal cost curve is either horizontal or upward sloping, it follows that its marginal revenue curve will cut its marginal cost curve at a __________ level of output than where its demand curve cuts its marginal cost curve. It also follows that if the firm were to produce the quantity of output consistent with where its demand curve cut its marginal cost curve, the firm would be __________.


A) lower; earning profits
B) lower; resource-allocative efficient
C) higher; productive efficient
D) lower; minimizing costs
E) none of the above

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Exhibit 23-2 Exhibit 23-2    -Refer to Exhibit 23-2. Total cost at the profit-maximizing quantity of output is the A) area 0P<sub>2</sub>CQ<sub>0</sub>. B) area 0P<sub>3</sub>FQ<sub>0</sub>. C) area 0P<sub>1</sub>BQ<sub>0</sub>. D) distance from Q<sub>0</sub> to D. E) none of the above -Refer to Exhibit 23-2. Total cost at the profit-maximizing quantity of output is the


A) area 0P2CQ0.
B) area 0P3FQ0.
C) area 0P1BQ0.
D) distance from Q0 to D.
E) none of the above

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A monopolist can sell 26,000 units at a price of $30 per unit. Lowering price by $1 raises the quantity demanded by 1,000 units. What is the change in total revenue resulting from this price change?


A) $1,500
B) $3,000
C) $5,500
D) -$2,800

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Exhibit 23-8 Exhibit 23-8    ​ ​ -Refer to Exhibit 23-8. The marginal cost of the last unit produced at the profit-maximizing output level equals A) $20. B) $50. C) $40. D) $70. E) $54. ​ ​ -Refer to Exhibit 23-8. The marginal cost of the last unit produced at the profit-maximizing output level equals


A) $20.
B) $50.
C) $40.
D) $70.
E) $54.

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Describe the circumstance under which profit maximization is the same as revenue maximization. Use a hypothetical numerical example to help explain why this is so.

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In the unlikely event that a firm has no...

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If a monopolist practices perfect price discrimination, then it will have


A) a greater total revenue and sell a greater output than if it were not practicing price discrimination.
B) a smaller total revenue and sell a smaller output than if it were not practicing price discrimination.
C) the same total revenue but sell a larger output than if it were not practicing price discrimination.
D) the same total revenue but sell a smaller output than if it were not practicing price discrimination.

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Buying low and selling high is often referred to as


A) price discrimination.
B) rent-seeking.
C) arbitrage.
D) scarcity.
E) capitalization.

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A seller that has the ability (to some degree) to control the price of the product it sells is called a price


A) taker.
B) searcher.
C) breaker.
D) twister.

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Exhibit 23-7 Exhibit 23-7    -Refer to Exhibit 23-7. The maximum profits earned by a single-price monopolist producing good X are A) $9,000. B) $4,500. C) $2,250. D) $1,125. -Refer to Exhibit 23-7. The maximum profits earned by a single-price monopolist producing good X are


A) $9,000.
B) $4,500.
C) $2,250.
D) $1,125.

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Suppose that your school pays one rate for the first one million kilowatts of electricity and a lower rate for any power it uses over one million kilowatts. What economic concept is occurring here?


A) perfect price discrimination
B) second-degree price discrimination
C) third-degree price discrimination
D) economies of scale

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When a monopolist can perfectly price discriminate, it follows that


A) price equals marginal revenue.
B) price equals marginal cost at the quantity of output it chooses to produce.
C) the monopolist is resource-allocative efficient.
D) b and c
E) a, b, and c

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Exhibit 23-10 Exhibit 23-10    -Refer to Exhibit 23-10. The profit-maximizing single-price monopolist earns profits equal to what area? A) ABGH B) HGCD C) DCE D) ABCD E) GFC -Refer to Exhibit 23-10. The profit-maximizing single-price monopolist earns profits equal to what area?


A) ABGH
B) HGCD
C) DCE
D) ABCD
E) GFC

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Exhibit 23-3 Exhibit 23-3    -Refer to Exhibit 23-3. The level of output the profit-maximizing perfectly price-discriminating monopolist produces is A) q<sub>1</sub>. B) q<sub>2</sub>. C) q<sub>3</sub>. D) q<sub>4</sub>. -Refer to Exhibit 23-3. The level of output the profit-maximizing perfectly price-discriminating monopolist produces is


A) q1.
B) q2.
C) q3.
D) q4.

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Exhibit 23-6 Exhibit 23-6    -Refer to Exhibit 23-6. Let C be the demand curve facing a perfectly price-discriminating monopolist and P<sub>0</sub> the price it charges for the last unit of X it sells. The marginal cost of the last unit A) is less than P<sub>0</sub>. B) equals P<sub>0</sub>. C) is greater than P<sub>0</sub>. D) could be any of the above, depending on the shape of the marginal cost curve. -Refer to Exhibit 23-6. Let C be the demand curve facing a perfectly price-discriminating monopolist and P0 the price it charges for the last unit of X it sells. The marginal cost of the last unit


A) is less than P0.
B) equals P0.
C) is greater than P0.
D) could be any of the above, depending on the shape of the marginal cost curve.

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Suppose the local pharmacy charges lower prices to senior citizens than it charges to younger customers. The pharmacy is practicing


A) perfect price discrimination.
B) second-degree price discrimination.
C) arbitrage.
D) third-degree price discrimination.
E) non-cost discrimination.

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Exhibit 23-7 Exhibit 23-7    -Refer to Exhibit 23-7. Let D be the demand curve facing a perfectly price-discriminating monopolist. The marginal revenue it receives from selling the 150th unit of good X sold equals A) $60. B) $45. C) $30. D) $0, since it sells less than 150 units. -Refer to Exhibit 23-7. Let D be the demand curve facing a perfectly price-discriminating monopolist. The marginal revenue it receives from selling the 150th unit of good X sold equals


A) $60.
B) $45.
C) $30.
D) $0, since it sells less than 150 units.

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Competition is legally prohibited when barriers to entry take the form of


A) public franchises.
B) economies of scale.
C) exclusive ownership of a resource.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

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If a perfectly competitive firm and a single-price monopolist face the same demand and cost curves, then the competitive firm will produce a


A) greater output and charge a lower price than the monopolist.
B) greater output but charge the same price as the monopolist.
C) greater output and charge a higher price than the monopolist.
D) smaller output and charge a lower price than the monopolist.
E) smaller output and charge a higher price than the monopolist.

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