Question 1

How does group membership,even in minimal groups,contribute to prejudice and discrimination? And why does this in-group bias exist?

Accepted Answer

According to Henri Tajfel (1982),group m...

Question 2

Which of the following examples best captures the social-psychological concept of a stereotype?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nicole avoids homeless people on the street.
B)   Arlene refuses to enter an elevator in which men are riding.
C)   Cindy does not have any friends outside of her sorority.
D)   Mitch believes that women are seductive, duplicitous, and not to be trusted.
E)   Aaron becomes uncomfortable when a man sits too close to him.

Question 3

When women were exposed to benevolent sexism rather than hostile sexism (Lau et al.,2008) ,they were less likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   feel depressed.
B)   be satisfied with relations between men and women.
C)   show sexism towards males.
D)   take action to improve women's rights.
E)   show sexism to other women.

Question 4

What is stereotype threat,why does it arise,and what are the consequences?

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat refers to the apprehen...

Question 5

Shih,Pittinsky,and Ambady (1999) administered mathematics tests to Asian-American female university students.They found that _______ had the highest scores on the test.

Accepted Answer

A)   students in the control group who were not reminded of their gender or ethnicity
B)   students who were reminded of their gender
C)   students who were previously punished for poor performance
D)   students who were reminded of their ethnicity
E)   students who were rewarded for good performance

Question 6

The term _______ was coined by journalist Walter Lippman (1922) ,who referred to these phenomena as "the little pictures we carry around in our heads."

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotype
B)   heuristics
C)   cognitive focus
D)   generalization
E)   prejudgments

Question 7

Which of the following best exemplifies the concept of "prejudice" as typically used by social psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)   Barbara believes that women are smarter than men.
B)   At parties Lynne tends to seek out people who, like her, are psychology majors.
C)   Glen believes that high school dropouts are unlikely to succeed.
D)   Kevin feels mistrustful of and uncomfortable around people from the Middle East.
E)   Maria seldom hangs out with people who are not Catholic.

Question 8

Social psychologist Gordon Allport referred to stereotyping as "the law of least effort." By this he meant that

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotyping is a way to simplify a complex world.
B)   people are cognitively lazy.
C)   negative stereotypes are motivated, but positive stereotypes are not.
D)   it takes a tremendous amount of effort to abandon our stereotypes.
E)   lazy people tend to hold the most stereotypes.

Question 9

The two steps in Devine's (1989) model of cognitive processing of stereotypes are

Accepted Answer

A)   negative feelings and negative behaviours.
B)   negative thoughts and negative feelings.
C)   automatic processing and controlled processing.
D)   activation of the stereotype and engaging in discrimination.
E)   negative thoughts and negative behaviours.

Question 10

One source of prejudice and discrimination lies in our attempts to understand not only why individuals behave as they do,but also why groups of people act as they do.This statement best reflects the _______ to understanding the causes of prejudice.

Accepted Answer

A)   realistic conflict approach
B)   attributional approach
C)   out-group homogeneity approach
D)   in-group approach
E)   minimal group

Question 11

Applying the results of Clément and colleagues' research on cultural identity of anglophone and francophone students,which scenario is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)   Since Jim began learning French, he identifies more with francophones than he did before.
B)   Alain no longer identifies with his francophone culture due to extensive experience with English culture.
C)   Sarah's identification with anglophone culture has come in conflict with her francophone identity now that she is learning English.
D)   Laura's increasing identification with francophone culture has come in conflict with her anglophone identity.
E)   Even though Marie-Eve has become much more proficient in English she feels no connection to anglophone culture.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)   Luke thinks all women are manipulative.
B)   Ryan feels mistrustful of Jews.
C)   Laura scoots over a few feet when an African American sits next to her in a waiting room.
D)   Jenny believes that all Hispanics are fluent in Spanish and can cook terrific Tex-Mex food.
E)   Joe believes that all rich people are snobs who have acquired their money dishonestly.

Question 13

The definition of ___________ is "unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group simply because of his or her membership in that group."

Accepted Answer

A)   affirmative action
B)   prejudice
C)   discrimination
D)   racism
E)   in-group bias

Question 14

_______ posits that increased prejudice and discrimination result from limited resources and consequent inter-group conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)   Triangular theory
B)   Attribution theory
C)   Realistic conflict theory
D)   Relative deprivation theory
E)   The self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 15

A woman would be most likely to experience stereotype threat when completing

Accepted Answer

A)   a calculus examination.
B)   a gender-neutral task.
C)   a philosophy assignment.
D)   an English assignment.
E)   a vocational interest questionnaire.

Question 16

Which is a technique that has been shown by Altemeyer (2001) to be effective in influencing right-wing authoritarians to move towards greater acceptance of minorities?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adapt the jigsaw technique to adult problem solving.
B)   Inform them that their attitudes are different from the majority, as conformity is an important value for them.
C)   Publicly criticize them for open expression of prejudicial beliefs.
D)   Ask them to state why they hold these beliefs.
E)   Encourage educational travel to allow exposure to other cultures.

Question 17

What is the extended contact hypothesis and how does it contribute to the reduction of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

The extended contact hypothesis suggests...

Question 18

In their classic "doll studies" with African-American children,social psychologists Kenneth and Mamie Clark (1947) demonstrated the negative effects of prejudice on children's _____ even early in life.

Accepted Answer

A)   consumer choice
B)   altruism
C)   empathy
D)   stereotypes
E)   attachments

Question 19

Research by Corenblum and Stephan (2001) concerning the role of emotions as a predictor of the prejudice that minority groups feel toward majority groups revealed that

Accepted Answer

A)   negative emotions did not predict prejudice for either group.
B)   negative emotions influence prejudice levels for minority groups but not for majority groups.
C)   negative emotions were less predictive of prejudice than individual differences.
D)   the more negative emotion people expect to feel while interacting with members of another group, the greater their prejudice towards that group.
E)   negative emotions influence prejudice levels for majority groups but not for minority groups.

Question 20

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel).Now,identify and provide an example of the affective,cognitive,and behavioural components of this prejudiced attitude.

Accepted Answer

First,from a social psychological perspe...

Exam 12: Prejudice

When women were exposed to benevolent sexism rather than hostile sexism (Lau et al.,2008) ,they were less likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two steps in Devine's (1989) model of cognitive processing of stereotypes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In their classic "doll studies" with African-American children,social psychologists Kenneth and Mamie Clark (1947) demonstrated the negative effects of prejudice on children's _____ even early in life.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the extended contact hypothesis and how does it contribute to the reduction of prejudice?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe extended contact hypothesis suggests...View AnswerShow Answer

The definition of ___________ is "unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group simply because of his or her membership in that group."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does group membership,even in minimal groups,contribute to prejudice and discrimination? And why does this in-group bias exist?

Correct AnswerverifiedAccording to Henri Tajfel (1982),group m...View AnswerShow Answer

Shih,Pittinsky,and Ambady (1999) administered mathematics tests to Asian-American female university students.They found that _______ had the highest scores on the test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by Corenblum and Stephan (2001) concerning the role of emotions as a predictor of the prejudice that minority groups feel toward majority groups revealed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Applying the results of Clément and colleagues' research on cultural identity of anglophone and francophone students,which scenario is most likely?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of discrimination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A woman would be most likely to experience stereotype threat when completing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Social psychologist Gordon Allport referred to stereotyping as "the law of least effort." By this he meant that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel).Now,identify and provide an example of the affective,cognitive,and behavioural components of this prejudiced attitude.

Correct AnswerverifiedFirst,from a social psychological perspe...View AnswerShow Answer

What is stereotype threat,why does it arise,and what are the consequences?

Correct AnswerverifiedStereotype threat refers to the apprehen...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following examples best captures the social-psychological concept of a stereotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ posits that increased prejudice and discrimination result from limited resources and consequent inter-group conflict.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term _______ was coined by journalist Walter Lippman (1922) ,who referred to these phenomena as "the little pictures we carry around in our heads."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a technique that has been shown by Altemeyer (2001) to be effective in influencing right-wing authoritarians to move towards greater acceptance of minorities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best exemplifies the concept of "prejudice" as typically used by social psychologists?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One source of prejudice and discrimination lies in our attempts to understand not only why individuals behave as they do,but also why groups of people act as they do.This statement best reflects the _______ to understanding the causes of prejudice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The extended contact hypothesis suggests...
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According to Henri Tajfel (1982),group m...
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First,from a social psychological perspe...
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Stereotype threat refers to the apprehen...
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