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The administrative, marketing, and manufacturing operations that many international firms, multinational firms, and transnational firms have around the world are often called


A) subsidiaries.
B) outlets.
C) departments.
D) markets.
E) holding companies.

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Adding to the complexity of global distribution is the need for ________, in addition to the channels within a foreign nation.


A) parallel importing
B) channels between nations
C) communication adaptation
D) product adaptation
E) economic stability of the final consumer

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A global brand refers to


A) two or more domestic products that coincidentally share the same brand name but represent two completely unrelated products.
B) two or more international products that coincidentally share the same brand name but represent two completely unrelated products.
C) a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.
D) a brand that is essentially the same but that has had minor adaptations made to meet the more specific needs of different nations.
E) a brand marketed under different names in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs.

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The world's largest manufacturer of peppermint candy canes was located in Albany, Georgia, until it could no longer afford to buy the sugar needed for its operation. It moved its manufacturing business to Mexico where there are no restrictions (like those that exist in the United States) on the amount of sugar that can be brought into the nation. The business moved to Mexico because of ________ established by the U.S. government.


A) a tariff
B) a trade imbalance
C) an excise tax
D) a subsidy
E) a quota

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Economic espionage is the clandestine collection of trade secrets or


A) government economic information.
B) military intelligence.
C) government security information.
D) banking information.
E) proprietary information about competitors.

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The EU has benefited its member nations in part because


A) there is a legally binding code of economic conduct.
B) there is immunity against world recessions.
C) there are fewer regulatory restrictions on transportation, advertising, and promotion.
D) there is a common language advantage among EU consumers.
E) most companies within the EU are engaging in strategic global partnerships.

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Explain the concept of countertrade, and discuss its importance.

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Not all trade involves the exchange of m...

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The Economic Espionage Act


A) allows the World Court in The Hague to adjudicate trade disputes on behalf of UN members and requires the home country to impose any penalties.
B) imposes a personal fine on a convicted U.S. citizen of up to $10 million.
C) targets espionage activities that are commonplace in any industry that holds governmental contracts.
D) makes the theft of trade secrets by foreign entities a federal crime in the United States.
E) is well-intended in theory, but is virtually impossible to enforce.

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The estimated cost of economic espionage to firms in the United States is estimated to be


A) $10 billion per year.
B) $150 billion per year.
C) $600 billion per year.
D) $950 billion per year.
E) exceeding $2 trillion per year.

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A small Canadian winery located in British Columbia has developed a new table wine. It has no overseas contacts but wants to get its wine on the shelves in selected Asian and European markets where growth has been substantial in the past two years. What type of exporting option would best suit this company?


A) direct exporting
B) licensing
C) indirect exporting
D) joint venture
E) cooperative partnership

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In Latvia, only one six-lane highway exists, connecting Riga, its capital, with Moscow. Otherwise, the roads are two lanes and many are made of cobblestones or bricks. This limits the speed with which deliveries can be made and requires that delivery trucks be quite small. The road network in Latvia is an example of problems with a country's


A) capital improvements.
B) fixed-asset base.
C) geopolitical wealth.
D) asset wealth.
E) economic infrastructure.

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Which of the following is an advantage inherent in the use of licensing as a global market entry strategy?


A) The licensor retains control of its product.
B) The licensor is protected from creating a potential competitor.
C) It provides an exemption from domestic trade regulations.
D) There is an increase in potential profit compared with direct investment.
E) The licensee gains information that can help it start with a competitive advantage.

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  Figure 6-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 6-5, B refers to which type of strategy? A)  product extension strategy B)  communication adaptation strategy C)  product adaptation strategy D)  dual adaptation strategy E)  product invention strategy Figure 6-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 6-5, B refers to which type of strategy?


A) product extension strategy
B) communication adaptation strategy
C) product adaptation strategy
D) dual adaptation strategy
E) product invention strategy

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Explain the trade feedback effect.

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Increased demand for exports of other na...

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The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act


A) makes it a crime for U.S. corporations to bribe an official of a foreign government or political party to obtain or retain business in a foreign country.
B) has different levels of punishment based upon the relative economic power of the host nation.
C) regulates only the behavior of U.S. businesses conducting business within the United States.
D) makes the theft of trade secrets by foreign entities a federal crime in the United States.
E) is a unilateral agreement the United States made with several developing nations.

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Recently, the Japanese government, under pressure from its domestic farm lobby, slapped government taxes on mushrooms, leeks, and the reeds used in tatami mats that were being imported from China. The taxes Japan levied are referred to as


A) WTO taxes.
B) quotas.
C) tariffs.
D) excise taxes.
E) subsidies.

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A(n) ________ firm views the world as one market and emphasizes cultural similarities across countries or universal consumer needs and wants more than differences.


A) transcontinental
B) multidomestic
C) international
D) multinational
E) transnational

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If you wanted to set up a business importing amber jewelry from Latvia to the United States, you would have to plan on paying the U.S. Customs Service a government tax of roughly 11 percent of the value of the product as


A) a bribe.
B) a tariff.
C) a subsidy.
D) an excise tax.
E) a quota.

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In indirect exporting, a firm sells its domestically produced products in a foreign country


A) in violation of a quota.
B) without paying import tariffs.
C) without paying export duties.
D) through a joint venture.
E) through an intermediary.

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The ________ imposed on imported bananas by European Union countries cost consumers $2 billion a year in higher prices.


A) boycotts
B) quotas
C) sanctions
D) subsidies
E) tariffs

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