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Trends toward service delivery have affected union membership.

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Congress passed a law in the 1940s that required those seeking to influence legislation must register.

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Interest groups can legally supply money to public officials who are running for office.

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The 1995 law regulating lobbying did not include lobbying efforts aimed at congressional staffers.

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Most political action committees (PACs) are sponsored by unions.

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Public-interest lobbies are, by definition, nonpartisan and ideologically neutral.

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Union membership has actually grown in


A) the field of teaching.
B) the field of medicine.
C) the automobile industry.
D) government.
E) both A and D.

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Which of the following is true of most people who are sympathetic to the aims of a mass-membership interest group?


A) They do not join it.
B) They join it but do not pay dues.
C) They join it, pay dues, but do not participate in its activities.
D) They join it, pay dues, and participate in its activities.
E) They join it but participate without paying dues.

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The Sierra Club was organized in the


A) 1990s.
B) 1980s.
C) 1970s.
D) 1960s.
E) 1890s.

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Which of the following is not an example of a material incentive?


A) The opportunity for members to market their products through cooperatives
B) Low-cost life insurance
C) The appeal of the organization's stated goals
D) Free assistance in preparing tax returns
E) Free assistance in estate planning

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The Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act of 1946 required groups and individuals seeking to influence legislation to


A) limit their activities to seven pieces of legislation.
B) limit their activities to either the House or the Senate.
C) prepare and publish written statements of intent.
D) register and file quarterly financial reports.
E) register, file statements of intent, and limit their activities to one legislative chamber.

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One important concern about interest-group ratings is the bias that can result from an arbitrary determination of what constitutes a liberal or conservative vote.

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The activities of interest groups and lobbyists are protected by the First Amendment.

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Identify and explain three types of incentives that are offered by mass-membership organizations.

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a. Solidary: Sense of pleasure...

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An issue public is directly affected by, or deeply concerned about, a government policy.

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The number of ideological political action committees (PACs) has decreased in recent years.

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The largest proportion of interest groups in Washington consists of public-interest lobbies.

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Public-interest groups often do better when the government is in the hands of an administration that is hostile to their views.

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In 2008, the OMB estimated that Congress had approved more than _______ earmarks.


A) three hundred
B) seven hundred
C) one thousand
D) three thousand
E) eleven thousand

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The launching of the environmental movement was assisted by


A) a hurricane in Pensacola, Florida.
B) several incidents of contaminated water in Boston.
C) an oil spill on the Santa Barbara beaches.
D) the highly publicized deaths of dozens of sperm whales.
E) controversies surrounding the spread of diseases in animals.

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