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Which of the following sugar molecules is involved in the structure of DNA?


A) ribose
B) ribulose
C) deoxyribulose
D) deoxyribose
E) glucose

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DNA varies from species to species in


A) how much adenine binds with thymine rather than with cytosine.
B) whether DNA is a double or a single helix.
C) the variation in the backbone structure.
D) how many different bases it contains.
E) its sequence of DNA base-pairs.

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How many types of nucleotides are found in DNA molecules?


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6

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In the assembly of new nucleotides to a DNA strand in DNA replication, what provides the energy for that process?


A) ATP
B) the nucleotide itself
C) NADH
D) primers
E) DNA ligase

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Which of the following methods would NOT result in identical twin organisms?


A) asexual reproduction
B) embryo splitting
C) reproductive cloning
D) somatic cell nuclear transfer
E) two separate eggs fertilized by two separate sperm

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DNA polymerase


A) is an enzyme.
B) adds new nucleotides to a strand.
C) proofreads DNA strands to see that they are correct.
D) derives energy from free nucleotides for strand assembly.
E) is all of these.

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Rosalind Franklin used which techniques to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?


A) scanning electron microscopy
B) transmission electron microscopy
C) recombinant DNA techniques
D) X-ray crystallography
E) DNA profiling

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Which of the following is correct about the DNA molecules that result from DNA replication?


A) one DNA molecule has both parent strands; the other DNA molecule has two new strands.
B) both DNA molecules have two new strands each; the parent strands are discarded.
C) one DNA molecule has a parent strand and a new strand; the other DNA molecule has two new strands
D) both DNA molecules have one new strand and one old strand
E) the bottom parts of each new DNA molecule are new strands and the top parts of each new DNA molecule are old strands

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Selecting the Exception Four of the five chemicals listed below are bases used to construct nucleic acids. Select the EXCEPTION.


A) adenine
B) cytosine
C) thymine
D) guanine
E) cysteine

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In a given strand of DNA, complementary bases are connected to each other by


A) ionic bonds.
B) polar covalent bonds.
C) hydrogen bonds.
D) peptide bonds.
E) nonpolar covalent bonds.

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What does ionizing radiation cause in DNA?


A) faster replication
B) the formation of nucleotide dimers
C) kinks in the DNA molecule
D) breaks in the DNA molecule
E) base pair mismatching

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Which of the following is the correct complementary bonding of nitrogen containing bases in DNA?


A) adenine and cytosine.
B) adenine and guanine.
C) cytosine and thymine.
D) guanine and cytosine.
E) guanine and thymine.

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Which of the following statements is CORRECT about mutation?


A) Mutations caused by environmental factors are always repaired.
B) Mutations occurring during the replication process are always harmful.
C) Mutations only occur during DNA replication.
D) Mutations occurring during the replication process only affect the secondary structure of proteins.
E) Mutations are permanent changes in the base sequence of DNA.

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Body cells of human females contain


A) one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
B) two X chromosomes.
C) two Y chromosomes.
D) two O chromosomes.
E) chromosomes X, Y, and O.

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The DNA-histone complex is most analogous to


A) a pearl necklace.
B) a waterproof watch.
C) a microwave oven.
D) the gears on a bicycle.
E) a flashlight.

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Answer the following questions by matching each term with the most appropriate description.

Premises
this researcher's work suggested that DNA was double helix
used X-ray diffraction technology to elucidate the structure of DNA
built the first precise model of DNA that implied its method of replication
discovered that the phosphates of DNA were on the outside and bases on the inside
discovered that the amount of adenine in a DNA molecule was equal to the amount of thymine
discovered that the sequence of DNA differs in different organisms
Responses
Watson and Crick
Wilkins
Franklin.
Franklin .
Franklin
Chargaff
Chargaff.

Correct Answer

Watson and Crick
Wilkins
Franklin.
Franklin .
Franklin
Chargaff
Chargaff.

What happens first in DNA replication?


A) the DNA molecule unwinds
B) DNA polymerase brings new nucleotides to the old DNA strand
C) DNA ligase activity begins
D) hydrogen bonds are broken
E) none of these things happen first

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If a person had defective centromeres, which of the following would result?


A) the DNA would not coil around histones
B) DNA could not duplicate
C) sister chromatids could not attach to each other
D) the chromosome number would be reduced
E) none of these would result

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Before a cell divides it must ____ its genetic information.


A) duplicate
B) translate
C) isolate
D) protect
E) distribute

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Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?


A) DNA replication is error free
B) DNA replication occurs without the help of enzymes
C) In DNA replication, the parent strands are discarded
D) Each newly formed DNA molecule contains two new strands and two old strands.
E) Each newly formed DNA molecule contains one parent strand and three new strands.

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