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Exam 6: The Aware Mind: Elements of Consciousness

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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Why is it thought that the human infant spends about half of its sleep time in REM?

A) to provide an adequate energy supply for organ maturation
B) to provide the stimulation necessary to facilitate brain "wiring"
C) to reinforce behaviors or skills observed during wakefulness
D) to reduce the stimulation that otherwise interferes with brain network pruning

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Question 32

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Kira and Yvonne are gearing up for a rave that is being held at a local warehouse. Their roommate Clara prefers to stay home and cannot understand why they would want to attend such a crowded, noisy venue. According to the text, what are the primary goals of many ravers?

A) unity and positive emotion
B) unity and self-awareness
C) hallucinations and positive emotion
D) hallucinations and self-awareness

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Question 33

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Dr. Goddard is studying the behavioral effects of MDMA (Ecstasy) using a rat model. He is most likely to observe all but which of the following side effects of this drug in the rat?

While eating her morning bowl of cereal, Kalinda daydreams about what she would do if she won the upcoming lottery drawing. Which cortical areas of Kalinda's brain are likely to be activated?

Patti finds her husband Derek asleep in his recliner. She gently touches his shoulder and says, "Derek, wake-up; the dog needs to go out." Derek abruptly responds, "Patti, I am awake!" What type of brain waveforms did Derek display right before being awakened?

What is the relationship between caffeine and Parkinson's disease?

Compared with participants listening to unstructured beat sequences, individuals listening to rhythmic drumming show enhanced ____ wave activity.

The Stroop Test provides evidence that behavior under hypnosis is more than social conformity by showing that highly suggestible individuals under hypnosis ____.

Our physiological state during REM sleep consists of ____.

Duke is exhausted and plops down on the couch. Fifteen minutes after falling asleep, Duke is not awakened by the refrigerator cycling on. He is, however, awakened by his roommate opening the refrigerator door. Duke is most likely in ____.

During REM sleep, specific brainstem neurons show reduced activity. What types of neurotransmitters are released by these neurons?

What is a typical REM and N-REM cycling in humans?

Carl's wife Juanita is unhappy that her husband's new shift as a security guard is from 11:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m. She complains to her husband that since he started his new job, he has been having health, personality, mood, and interpersonal problems. What condition might Carl have?

A shift in one's circadian rhythm during adolescence, which leads to peak alertness at night, is thought to correlate with ____.

Kendyl is born with a congenital disorder that prevents her eyes from sensing light; her fraternal twin brother Gabe is born with normal vision. Compared to Gabe, Kendyl will likely have ____.

Who is most likely to suffer the biggest disruption to his or her circadian rhythm?

Dora has no problem falling asleep each night, but she wakes up frequently in the middle of the night and often cannot fall back asleep. From what type of insomnia does Dora suffer?

Vanessa crams for her anatomy and physiology final by staying up the entire night before the exam. What is a likely consequence of Vanessa's actions?

Imaging studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggest that meditation represents a voluntary regulation of attention and ____ functions.

Corrina finds a quiet cubicle at the library and prepares for a long night of studying. While she studies, she is also aware of the conversation taking place at the next table. What aspect of consciousness describes Corrina's awareness of both her textbook material and the other conversation?