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________ is the time when petroleum production begins to fall short of demand.

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The ultimate source of the energy in fossil fuels is


A) the sun
B) the Earth's internal heat
C) the energy of the plants and animals from which the fuel is formed
D) biomass

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All renewable energy sources ultimately capture energy from the ________.

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sun

The future use of photovoltaics is likely to


A) increase, because they can be adapted to meet a variety of needs
B) increase, because the energy is less expensive than that generated by fossil fuels
C) decrease, because they have proven to be inefficient
D) decrease, because they require large, centralized generating facilities

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Water power development is "clean" and has no environmental impacts.

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Groundwater at normal shallow subsurface temperatures can be used as an energy source.

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True

________ is the only site being considered in the United States for high-level nuclear waste storage.

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The rock unit that provides a barrier to upward migration of oil is called the ________.

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The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant caused similar levels of environmental degradation as did the Three Mile Island accident.

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________ coal has the highest heat content.

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Why does acid rain result from fossil fuel consumption?


A) Fossil fuels heat the atmosphere, making rain more acidic.
B) Fossil fuel burning releases nitrogen and sulfur oxides.
C) Particulates emitted from fossil fuel burning settle in lakes and acidifies them.
D) Fossil fuel burning releases stored organic carbon.

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Which of the following geologic features is not required for an oil or gas deposit to form?


A) source rock
B) cap rock
C) reservoir rock
D) volcanic rock

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Most of the largest oil and gas fields are located in continental interiors, far from plate boundaries.

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What is the most important aspect of future oil supplies?


A) when the supplies will be exhausted
B) how much remains
C) when oil production will peak
D) how clean newly found oil reserves will be

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The ultimate source of geothermal energy is


A) the sun
B) heat generated in the Earth's interior
C) hydroelectric
D) deeply buried biomass

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Pressurized water reactors will potentially make nuclear energy safer.

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Methane hydrates may be a viable future energy source because


A) they are abundant and clean burning
B) they are easily obtained from their deposits
C) they are not fossil fuels and therefore will not contribute to the greenhouse effect
D) they are renewable resources

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Nuclear ________ involves the joining of lighter elements to produce heavier ones.

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fusion

Between the mid-1970s and the mid-1990s, energy consumption in the United States


A) increased at a higher rate than previously
B) increased, but at a slower rate
C) decreased
D) remained the same

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Fuel cells rely on the element ________ for their energy source.

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