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Exam 11: Personality

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Eddie and Elaine both failed their first psychology quiz. Eddie decided that the questions weren't fair, whereas Elaine responded by working much harder. According to Rotter's expectancy theory, Eddie is probably __________ and Elaine is probably __________.

A) an internal; an external
B) an external; an internal
C) a reactor; a reciprocator
D) a reciprocator; a reactor

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Question 42

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Mischel's cognitive person variables suggest that all of the following will affect whether a person will make it through college except

A) a belief that she has the necessary academic skills.
B) genetically inherited personality traits.
C) a plan for doing well in class.
D) the expectation that studying hard will lead to good grades.

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Question 43

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The results of a personality test indicate to Ben that he is aggressive, alienated, negative, and hostile. According to research on temperament and personality, Ben can be best described as having a(n) __________ temperament.

Karen Horney, a neo-Freudian, believed that __________, and not penis envy, played a major role in personality development.

After Eduardo takes a personality assessment based on the five-factor personality model, the results indicate he is a gregarious and outgoing person who gains energy from being with other people. In other words, Eduardo has scored high on the dimension of

Calvin says, "To understand human personality, you have to know if people behave to get rewards or to avoid punishments." Hobbes says, "I think that you also have to take into account each person's unique way of looking at the world and consider how that viewpoint determines personality." Calvin uses the __________ approach, while Hobbes takes the __________ approach to understanding personality.

Miroslav is a first grade student whose teachers describe him as eager to perform in class and responsible to the questions he is asked. Based on this information you can interpret that Miroslav has a(n) ________ temperament.

Gary is a very sloppy person. His side of the dorm room is always a mess, with clothing thrown all over the floor. In contrast, his roommate, Rajesh, is an extremely neat person. For Rajesh, everything on his side of the room must be in its place, with books and video games organized alphabetically. Freud would say Gary is fixated in the __________ stage, and Rajesh is fixated in the __________ stage.

Catbert is trying to decide if personality tests will help him identify those people least deserving of promotion within the company. Which of the following statements about the use of personality tests for employee selection and promotion is true?

If Cindy is displaying the ego defense mechanism of repression, she would most likely

Dr. Akash is a contemporary psychodynamic theorist who focuses on the attachment theory. Therefore, Dr. Akash would likely disagree with which of the following statements?

Your textbook defines personality as

Roderick has hostile thoughts and acts in a more hostile manner than most people do. Roderick's behavior tends to offend most people and in turn creates an environment of hostility to which Roderick reacts with even more negative thoughts and behaviors. Albert Bandura would note that Roderick's personality is affected by all of these factors in a cycle of

Pedro told his father that he wants to quit school and try his hand at acting. His father tells him that he will be very disappointed in Pedro if he does not reconsider his decision. Pedro's father has just created

Val pries open her sister's diary and is shocked to read that her sister believes Val is an anxious, nervous, and tense person. Upset at this discovery, Val takes a personality test to prove she does not rate high on the dimension of

Andre is very organized and efficient but also very anxious and tense. On which two of the five-factor personality model dimensions would Andre rate highly?

Yaveen is writing a paper criticizing the humanistic approach to personality. What is the best title for his paper?

This noted Neo-Freudian theorist developed an approach called analytic psychology, and suggested that people gradually develop different levels of introversion or extraversion, as well as other psychological tools for interacting with the world around them.

When describing your best friend, you first note that she is honest. How would this characteristic be explained from three different theoretical perspectives?

In Freudian theory, a person who is compulsively neat or excessively sloppy may have a fixation at the ________ stage of psychosexual development.