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Price leadership works only if there is a single, dominant firm in the oligopoly.

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The maximin criterion can be defined as which of the following?


A) One seeks the maximum of the minimum payoffs to the various available strategies.
B) One seeks the minimum of the maximum losses among the various available strategies.
C) One seeks the maximum of the minimum losses to the various available strategies.
D) One seeks the maximum of the maximum gains of the various available strategies.

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When a monopolistically competitive firm's demand curve is tangent to it average cost curve,


A) the firm earns zero economic profit.
B) new firms do not enter the market.
C) the market is in long run equilibrium.
D) All of these responses are correct.

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Oligopolistic firms never collude because they have almost no incentive to do so.

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In ____, each competing firm is determined to sell at a price that is lower than the prices of its rivals, often regardless of whether that price covers the pertinent cost.


A) market skimming
B) a monopoly
C) a price war
D) perfect competition

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The excess capacity theorem states that


A) society is worse off with fewer monopolistic competitors.
B) costs of production under monopolistic competition can be lowered by reducing the number of producers.
C) lack of excess capacity leads to shortages during periods of unexpected growth in demand for goods produced by monopolistic competition.
D) there is too much choice in our economy.

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A common characteristic in oligopolistic markets is


A) consideration of rivals' reactions.
B) standardized products.
C) high profits.
D) unused capacity.

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A monopolistically competitive firm in the long run will


A) have a demand curve tangent to its AC.
B) have a demand curve below its AC.
C) have a demand curve above its AC.
D) operate where excessive profit can be achieved.

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A monopolistically competitive firm


A) tries to differentiate its product from competitors' products.
B) faces a perfectly elastic demand curve for its product.
C) has more monopoly power in the long run than does a perfectly competitive firm.
D) is always a retail establishment.

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Which of the following characteristics of perfect competition does not apply in monopolistic competition?


A) Free entry and exit
B) Homogeneous products
C) Numerous participants
D) Perfect information

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The market structure that is associated with big business in developed economies is


A) perfect competition.
B) monopolistic competition.
C) monopoly.
D) oligopoly.

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If an oligopolistic manufacturer believes that he faces a kinked demand curve for his product, he thinks his competitors will ______ if he lowers his price and ____ if he raises his price.


A) lower their prices; raise their prices
B) lower their prices; not raise their prices
C) not lower their prices; raise their prices
D) not lower their prices; not raise their prices

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An oligopoly firm with a differentiated product will generally earn the largest profits without advertising.

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According to the excess capacity theorem, if every firm under monopolistic competition expanded its output,


A) cost per unit of output would rise.
B) social benefits would increase.
C) cost per unit of output would decrease.
D) MC and AC would remain unchanged.

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