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William I's chancellor, ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ was the outstanding statesman of the 19th century.

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____________________ ____________________ accurately describes the nature of 19th century American capitalism.

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Rugged ind...

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The Dual Monarchy was established by a compromise arrangement between


A) Germans and Croats.
B) Hungarians and Germans.
C) Germans and Italians.
D) Hungarians and Serbs.
E) Germans and Serbs.

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The German Empire's constitution included a legislature called the ____________________.

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Cavour, in 1859, managed to drive Austria out of Lombardy with the aid of ____________________.

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France

About the only thing that Napoleon III accomplished for France was to


A) lessen his government's authoritarianism.
B) set the country on the course to industrial development.
C) get the country out of a war with Mexico.
D) maintain a close alliance with the Catholic church.
E) help the French people come to see the importance of the capital city, Paris.

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Which statement best describes Italy during and shortly after unification?


A) The last area to be incorporated into Italy was Sicily.
B) Its "national culture" was not truly national, since most of the wealth, education, and power resided in the North.
C) Italian industrialization was concentrated in the central part of the peninsula.
D) In its early days, Italy's highest average income was in the agricultural south.
E) In its early days, Italy's poorest city was Turin.

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Garibaldi's army of One Thousand Volunteers succeeded in 1861 in grafting ____________________ ____________________ into the Italian Kingdom.

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The Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) was provoked by


A) German seizure of the French land known as Alsace.
B) the ill-conceived plan of Napoleon III to seize German lands west of the Rhine River.
C) France's decision to aid Austria in the Austro-German War.
D) the southern German states' desire to become part of a Greater Germany.
E) Bismarck's manipulation of the French, which led them to become the aggressors.

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One significant aspect of the modern nation-state is


A) the development of independent thought and action among individuals.
B) the need for close ties between church and state.
C) the subordination of the individual to mass politics.
D) an increase in social welfare spending.
E) a greater tolerance for members of opposing groups.

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How did Bismarck's policy of realpolitik weld German states into a united German Empire in only nine years?

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Bismarck's policy of realpolitik was ins...

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All of the following contributed to the development of industrialization in the United States except


A) a large pool of immigrant labor.
B) following closely behind England in industrializing.
C) a shortage of risk capital.
D) abundant natural resources.
E) individuals willing, even eager, to take risks in business.

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C

In Russia, the most basic duties of the citizens included


A) paying taxes and serving in the army.
B) serving in the army and working the land.
C) working the land and paying taxes.
D) serving on the village councils.
E) spying on their neighbors.

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Most of the people who controlled southern France in the 1800s were


A) landed aristocrats with a stake in making their lands successful.
B) Church officials who owned much of the best land.
C) absentee landlords who cared little for the peasants on their land.
D) liberals bent on industrialization, even if the region was better for farming.
E) the few who had enough financial resources to import new agricultural machinery.

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C

After Alexander II freed Russia's serfs, they generally


A) moved to other parts of the country to forget the bad memories of their former lives.
B) were able to overcome their past fears and superstitions within a generation or two.
C) received a small plot of decent farmland from the estates on which they had served.
D) fared worse than they had under serfdom, with many new laws and restrictions.
E) left the countryside to work in unsafe, unsanitary urban factories.

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To what degree did Russia "reform" during Alexander II's reign? How might these attempts be termed "superficial"?

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During Alexander II's reign, Russia did ...

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The outstanding European statesman of the 19th century was


A) Nicholas I.
B) William I.
C) Bismarck.
D) Garibaldi.
E) Alexander II.

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The real importance of the zemtsvo boards to Russia was that they


A) settled local matters more equitably.
B) became elected, rather than appoint, officials.
C) served as a breeding ground for the reformers and liberals who would later try to mediate between Russia and its revolutionaries.
D) supported Alexander in his assertion that Russia was not yet ready for a constitution or an elected legislature.
E) oversaw the distribution of the land to the serfs and settled questions of ownership as they arose.

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Which of the following men is correctly matched with the industry?


A) Andrew Carnegie - electricity
B) J.P. Morgan - banking
C) Edward H. Harriman - iron and steel
D) Henry Clay Frick - railroads
E) Cornelius Vanderbilt - iron and steel

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The father of Italian unification, Camilli Cavour, strongly favored the concept of


A) individualism.
B) conservatism.
C) realpolotik .
D) religious unity.
E) social change.

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