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Exam 9: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

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Question 31

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The notion of a single general intelligence (g) is a central component to theories of psychometric theories of intelligence. Pick two theories and describe the nature of general intelligence according to said theories.

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The two theories that describe the natur...

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Question 32

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Which of the following presents the most valid conclusion regarding the existence of Systems 1 and 2?

A) The gorilla suit experiment demonstrates that System 1 and 2 exist in the frontal lobes.
B) Systems 1 and 2 do not physically exist in separate brain areas but are convenient metaphors for complex attention processes.
C) Experiments using the Müller-Lyer illusion demonstrate that System 1 is a part of the occipital lobe.
D) Most cognitive psychologists believe that System 2 is not a part of the function of the frontal lobe.

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Question 33

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______________________ is the quality of language that allows a person to use the relatively small number of words and grammatical structures of a language to compose a theoretically infinite number of sentences expressing an infinite number of new thoughts and ideas.

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis began to lose favor in psychology throughout the 1970s because

No one claims that the internal language faculty resides in some specific anatomical location of the brain.

According to Robert Sternberg, the original notion of g only underlies mental abilities that include solving problems through

IQ tests were initially designed to predict academic performance, and in that strict sense they are biased against specific groups such as women or people of color.

In Kahneman's theory, System 1 comes into play when we try to write a term paper or article, judge whether or not a logical argument has merit, or decide whom to invite to a party with an eye toward avoiding conflict among the guests.

Some linguists believe that the capacity for recursion is the single most important factor separating the evolution of human language from that of other animal communication systems.

Young children have relatively little control over their lives, but as they grow older their ability to seek out environments, relationships, and experiences more in keeping with aspects of their genetic heredity increases. This is consistent with a(n)

This aspect of thinking is a mental shortcut designed to help us make judgments and decisions when all the facts are not known.

In Sternberg's triarchic theory, ___________________ intelligence is a person's ability to solve the sorts of problems one would ordinarily find in an academic setting.

The grammar that one learns in school, which reflects standards in ways of speaking, is called

The distribution of IQ in the population is normal, with 68% of scores clustering between 85 and 115, with a mean of 100. An additional 28% of scores fall between 115 and 130 at the upper end and between 70 and 85 at the lower end.

Most errors in judgment that people make due to the use of heuristics stem from the tendency to ignore

In Howard Gardner's view, the entire notion of intelligence needs to be stretched to include talents that are socially valued. Gardner's view is called the theory of

Studies of language learning with primates like Kanzi, Nim, and Washoe demonstrated that primates are able to communicate with human language

This problem-solving procedure always remains the same, and will work as long as you input information in the appropriate manner.

Using this heuristic involves making instantaneous comparisons of the new person or thing with prototypes of various categories until a "match" is found.

Which mental representation would we need to utilize to think about abstract words like time, ambivalence, and fatigue?