Question 1

Nitrogen is converted from its free form to ammonia by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   decomposers
B)   lightning strikes
C)   nitrogen-fixing bacteria
D)   All of these are correct.

Question 2

Scientists are modeling the population of common loons (Gavia immer)  over time on an isolated lake in Canada. What would be a flow in this example?

Accepted Answer

A)   the addition of water in the lake
B)   the decrease in baitfish populations that are prey for the loon
C)   more loons arriving and joining the lake population
D)   a new species of bird arriving at the lake C

Question 3

An area described as a dead zone in the ocean is an area with

Accepted Answer

A)   large amounts of decomposers present.
B)   very few fish.
C)   low oxygen concentration.
D)   All of these are correct.

Question 4

The increase in atmospheric levels of 	is leading to a 	in the pH of oceans.

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon dioxide; increase
B)   carbon dioxide; decrease
C)   nitrogen; increase
D)   nitrogen; decrease B

Question 5

Is the human body an open or closed system? Justify your answer with examples.

Accepted Answer

It is an open system. Respirat...

Question 6

Methanogens are important for the cycling of which macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon
B)   phosphorus
C)   nitrogen
D)   methane

Question 7

An ecosystem at a park near you is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   open system.
B)   closed system.
C)   emergent property.
D)   model.

Question 8

Tracing the path of nitrogen as it travels through living things and nonliving things would be considered

Accepted Answer

A)   a feedback loop.
B)   balancing feedback.
C)   a biogeochemical cycle.
D)   reinforcing feedback.

Question 9

If you removed a pea or bean plant from the soil and cut a small slice from a root nodule, what types of cells, other than plant cells, would you expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)   fungi cells
B)   bacterial cells
C)   animal cells
D)   None of these are correct.

Question 10

Scientists have isolated several bacteria from the soil. When they provide nitrogen compounds to these bacteria, they can detect higher amounts of N2 gas being produced and released. Therefore, these researchers conclude these bacteria are capable of what process?

Accepted Answer

A)   ammonification
B)   eutrophication
C)   nitrification
D)   denitrification

Question 11

As plants die, the nitrogen in their cells is converted to 	by fungi and bacterial decomposers, in a process known as 	.

Accepted Answer

A)   nitrogen gas (N2) ; ammonification
B)   ammonia (NH3) ; ammonification
C)   nitrogen gas (N2) ; nitrification
D)   ammonia (NH3) ; nitrification

Question 12

A complex system like the climate of Earth can be better understood by

Accepted Answer

A)   creating an open system.
B)   creating models.
C)   eliminating the emergent properties.
D)   None of these are correct.

Question 13

How could Biosphere 2 have been modified to turn it into an open system?

Accepted Answer

A)   add more oxygen gas
B)   remove more microbes from the soil
C)   block the sunlight from entering
D)   remove the glass enclosing the structure

Question 14

Fossil fuels are a sink for carbon located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   lithosphere.
B)   biosphere.
C)   hydrosphere.
D)   atmosphere.

Question 15

Which of the following would be a sink for phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)   lithosphere
B)   biosphere
C)   hydrosphere
D)   All of these are correct. D

Question 16

There are several types of feedback described in Chapter 10. All of these have which feature in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   They all will amplify negative consequences.
B)   They all will impact the levels of stocks.
C)   They all will lead to outflows from the system.
D)   They all are based on models.

Question 17

What is the main way in which excess phosphorus and nitrogen get into bodies of water to result in eutrophication?

Accepted Answer

A)   through decomposition
B)   through agricultural runoff
C)   through the atmosphere
D)   through precipitation

Question 18

The Biosphere 2 project did not go as planned, and oxygen gas had to be supplemented into the system. This was due to

Accepted Answer

A)   a higher than expected outflow of oxygen.
B)   reduced sunlight.
C)   a higher than expected outflow of carbon dioxide.
D)   All of these are correct.

Question 19

Oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus are macronutrients, which means that they

Accepted Answer

A)   are not needed by organisms.
B)   are needed by organisms, but in small amounts.
C)   are needed by organisms, but in large amounts.
D)   must be produced in plants.

Question 20

Diazotrophs are essential to plants because they

Accepted Answer

A)   supply sugar that the plant needs.
B)   allow the plant to take up phosphorus.
C)   prevent the growth of harmful bacteria.
D)   convert nitrogen to a usable form.

Exam 10: Systems and Cycles: Are We Changing Earths Life Support System

Nitrogen is converted from its free form to ammonia by which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists are modeling the population of common loons (Gavia immer) over time on an isolated lake in Canada. What would be a flow in this example?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

An area described as a dead zone in the ocean is an area with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The increase in atmospheric levels of is leading to a in the pH of oceans.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Is the human body an open or closed system? Justify your answer with examples.

Correct AnswerverifiedIt is an open system. Respirat...View AnswerShow Answer

Methanogens are important for the cycling of which macronutrient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ecosystem at a park near you is an example of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tracing the path of nitrogen as it travels through living things and nonliving things would be considered

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you removed a pea or bean plant from the soil and cut a small slice from a root nodule, what types of cells, other than plant cells, would you expect to find?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists have isolated several bacteria from the soil. When they provide nitrogen compounds to these bacteria, they can detect higher amounts of N2 gas being produced and released. Therefore, these researchers conclude these bacteria are capable of what process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As plants die, the nitrogen in their cells is converted to by fungi and bacterial decomposers, in a process known as .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A complex system like the climate of Earth can be better understood by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How could Biosphere 2 have been modified to turn it into an open system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fossil fuels are a sink for carbon located in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be a sink for phosphorus?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

There are several types of feedback described in Chapter 10. All of these have which feature in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main way in which excess phosphorus and nitrogen get into bodies of water to result in eutrophication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Biosphere 2 project did not go as planned, and oxygen gas had to be supplemented into the system. This was due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus are macronutrients, which means that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diazotrophs are essential to plants because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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B

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It is an open system. Respirat...
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Scientists have isolated several bacteria from the soil. When they provide nitrogen compounds to these bacteria, they can detect higher amounts of N₂ gas being produced and released. Therefore, these researchers conclude these bacteria are capable of what process?

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D

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