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Exam 1: Fundamental Concepts of Chemistry

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Question 51

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Aluminum sulphate is used in finishing paper, among other uses. If 500 kg of aluminum oxide dihydrate react completely with 1500 kg of 90% by mass aqueous H₂SO₄, how many kg of aluminum sulphate can be produced? Al₂O₃ •2H₂O + 3H₂SO₄ $\rarr$ Al₂(SO₄) ₃ + 5H₂O

A) 1.24 x 10³ kg
B) 1.35 x 10³ kg
C) 1.57 x10³ kg
D) 3.62 x10³ kg
E) 4.59 x10³ kg

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Question 52

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Fertilizer is manufactured from, among other components, phosphoric acid, H₃PO₄, which, itself is primarily synthesized from fluorapetite, Ca₅F(PO₄) ₃ and sulphuric acid, H₂SO₄.__ H₂SO₄ + __ Ca₅F(PO₄) ₃ $\rarr$ __ H₃PO₄ + __ CaSO₄ + __ HFIf the coefficient of H₂SO₄ is 5 in the balanced chemical equation of the reaction, what is the coefficient of HF?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

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Question 53

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Use the following information for Questions . 1 mole = 6.022 x10²³ particles -Naturally occurring platinum has several different isotopes, ¹⁹⁰Pt (0.0127%; 189.960 amu); ¹⁹²Pt (0.78 %; 191.9614 amu); ¹⁹⁴Pt (32.9%; 193.9628 amu), ¹⁹⁵Pt (33.8 %; 194.9648 amu); ¹⁹⁶Pt (25.3 %; 195.9650 amu) and ¹⁹⁸Pt (7.21 %; 197.9675 amu). What is the molar mass of naturally occurring platinum?

The line structure is shown below for terephthalic acid, a starting material of Kevlar that is used in bullet proof vests: What is the correct molecular formula for this compound?

Styrene is used in many plastic products and also in automobile tire rubber. The line structure is shown below: How many hydrogen atoms are contained in 1.05 x 10⁶ kg of styrene?

Sulphuric acid, H₂SO₄ is one of the more important industrial chemicals. How many moles of sulphuric acid are present in 1.0 x 10⁹ kg?

Use the following information for Questions 1 mole = 6.022 x10²³ particles -Consider three mole samples of C, Al, Fe, Au, and Ti; which sample will have the greatest mass?

What mass of NaCl is required to prepare 1.5 L of 2.0 x 10^-3 M NaCl?

Calculate the number of moles of carbon atoms and moles of sulphur atoms in 50.0 g of CS₂.

Write the chemical formula for ethylene oxide, a starting material for ethylene glycol and a disinfectant. The ball and stick formula is shown below:

Sulphur hexafluoride, a very good electrical insulator, is prepared by the unbalanced reaction of sulphur with elemental fluorine:S _(s) + F_{2 (g)} $\rarr$ SF_{6 (g)}How many kg of SF₆ could be produced from the reaction of 1.50 x 10² kg of S with 6.50 x 10² kg of F₂?

Nitric acid is a corrosive acid capable of dissolving many metals, with the evolution of brown nitrogen dioxide gas as a byproduct. It is often sold as concentrated nitric acid which has [HNO₃] = 16. M. A common concentration used in the laboratory is 6.0 M HNO₃. If you need 20. L of 6.0 M HNO₃, what volume of concentrated nitric acid is required?

Balance chemical reactions.

Use the following information for Questions 3.785 L = 1 gallon; 2.2 lbs = 1 kg; V = EQ \F(4,3) πr^3; 1 in = 2.54 cm; 1 mile = 1.609 km; 12 in = 1 ft; 1 yard = 3 ft; 1 gal = 3.785 L; ˚C = 5/9 (˚F - 32) ‪ -When you fill up your car in a country in Europe, your credit card is charged $25.45 for 32.3 L of gasoline. What is the price of gasoline in dollars per gallon?

Use the following information for Questions . 1 mole = 6.022 x10²³ particles -Which would have a greater mass: 1.25 mole sample of lead or 11.25 mole sample of aluminum?

Use the following information for Questions . 1 mole = 6.022 x10²³ particles -Which would have a greater mass: a 2.37 mole sample of potassium or a 3.72 mole sample of magnesium?

Write the chemical formula for ethylene glycol, which is the primary component in automotive coolant.

Balance the following chemical reaction, which illustrates the synthesis of an important industrial chemical: __ Al₂O₃ •2H₂O _(s) + __ H₂SO_{4 (aq)} $\rarr$ __ Al₂(SO₄)_{3 (s)} + __ H₂O _(l)

An important reactant in the production of nylon is adiponitrile, the product of addition of HCN and butadiene, the reaction shown below. If one obtains 4.50 x 10⁵ kg of adiponitrile from the reaction of 2.50 x 10⁵ kg of butadiene with excess HCN, what is the % yield of the reaction?

Use the following information for Questions 3.785 L = 1 gallon; 2.2 lbs = 1 kg; V = EQ \F(4,3) πr^3; 1 in = 2.54 cm; 1 mile = 1.609 km; 12 in = 1 ft; 1 yard = 3 ft; 1 gal = 3.785 L; ˚C = 5/9 (˚F - 32) ‪ -Ethyl ether has a density of 0.7138 g/ml. How many litres will be needed to obtain 500 grams of ethyl ether for a reaction?