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The heat of fusion for lead at 327.0C327.0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 22.9 kJ/kg22.9 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} and the specific heat of lead is 0.130 kJ/kgC0.130 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . What is the energy needed to melt 100 grams of lead starting at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 3.56 kJ3.56 \mathrm{~kJ}
B) 7.76 kJ7.76 \mathrm{~kJ}
C) 4.23 kJ4.23 \mathrm{~kJ}
D) 7.02 kJ7.02 \mathrm{~kJ}
E) 6.54 kJ6.54 \mathrm{~kJ}

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A metal rod is placed between two temperature sources so that heat can flow between them. One temperature is 90.0C90.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and the other temperature is 25.0C25.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . The length of the rod is 30.0 cm30.0 \mathrm{~cm} and the cross-sectional area is 10.0 cm210.0 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} . If 15.0 watts of heat flows between the hot temperature and the cold temperature, then what is the thermal conductivity for the metal?


A) 69.2 W/(mC) 69.2 \mathrm{~W} /\left(\mathrm{m} \cdot{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)
B) 46.3 W/(mC) 46.3 \mathrm{~W} /\left(\mathrm{m} \cdot{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)
C) 50.4 W/(mC) 50.4 \mathrm{~W} /\left(\mathrm{m} \cdot{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)
D) 58.2 W/(mC) 58.2 \mathrm{~W} /\left(\mathrm{m} \cdot{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)
E) 44.2 W/(mC) 44.2 \mathrm{~W} /\left(\mathrm{m} \cdot{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)

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A rigid cubic box, 15 cm15 \mathrm{~cm} on a side, is filled with nitrogen gas (N2) \left(\mathrm{N}_{2}\right) at standard temperature and pressure (0(0 C{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and 1 atm1 \mathrm{~atm} ) . The temperature of the box is later raised to 25C25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . What is the heat input required to perform this act?


A) 157 J157 \mathrm{~J}
B) 31.4 J31.4 \mathrm{~J}
C) 52.3 J52.3 \mathrm{~J}
D) 78.2 J78.2 \mathrm{~J}
E) 94.1 J94.1 \mathrm{~J}
F) 47.1 J47.1 \mathrm{~J}

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The specific heat of ice is 2.10 kJ/kgC2.10 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , the heat of fusion for ice at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 333.7 kJ/kg333.7 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} , the specific heat of water 4.186 kJ/kgC4.186 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , and the heat of vaporization of water at 100C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 2,256 kJ/kg2,256 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} . What is the final equilibrium temperature when 10.0 grams of ice at 15.0C-15.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is mixed with 3.00 grams of steam at 100C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 60.2C60.2^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
B) 76.4C76.4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
C) 70.2C70.2^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
D) 65.0C65.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
E) 80.3C80.3^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

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The intensity of solar radiation reaching the Earth is 1,340 W/m21,340 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2} when the temperature of the Sun is 5,800 K5,800 \mathrm{~K} . If the temperature of the Sun increased by 10.00%10.00 \% , then what would be the intensity of solar radiation reaching the earth?


A) 1,828 W/m21,828 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}
B) 1,962 W/m21,962 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}
C) 2,004 W/m22,004 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}
D) 1,492 W/m21,492 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}
E) 1,632 W/m21,632 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}

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B

What is the change in internal energy of 2.00 moles of a monatomic ideal gas as it is heated from 0 K0 \mathrm{~K} to 100 K\mathrm{K} ?


A) 2,490 J2,490 \mathrm{~J}
B) 1,950 J1,950 \mathrm{~J}
C) 2,750 J2,750 \mathrm{~J}
D) 3,250 J3,250 \mathrm{~J}
E) 3,670 J3,670 \mathrm{~J}

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The specific heat of ice is 2.10 kJ/kgC2.10 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , the heat of fusion for ice at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 333.7 kJ/kg333.7 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} , the specific heat of water 4.186 kJ/kgC4.186 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , the heat of vaporization of water at 100C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 2,256 kJ/kg2,256 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} , and the specific heat of steam is 2.020 kJ/kgC2.020 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . What is the final equilibrium temperature when 40.0 grams of ice at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is mixed with 8.00 grams of steam at 120C120^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 38.76C38.76^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
B) 50.22C50.22^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
C) 41.67C41.67^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
D) 25.67C25.67^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
E) 32.55C32.55^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

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A person lifts 10.00 N10.00 \mathrm{~N} weights a vertical distance of 50.00 cm50.00 \mathrm{~cm} . How many times would they have to lift the weight to use 10.00 Calories of energy?


A) 7,503
B) 4,125
C) 8,370
D) 9,670
E) 5,170

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A rigid cylinder ( 15 cm15 \mathrm{~cm} radius, 15 cm15 \mathrm{~cm} height) contains nitrogen gas (N2) \left(\mathrm{N}_{2}\right) at standard temperature and pressure (0C\left(0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right. and 1 atm) \left.1 \mathrm{~atm}\right) . What heat input is required to increase the average translational kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules by 15%15 \% ?


A) 77 J77 \mathrm{~J}
B) 260 J260 \mathrm{~J}
C) 130 J130 \mathrm{~J}
D) 86 J86 \mathrm{~J}
E) 51 J51 \mathrm{~J}
F) 403 J403 \mathrm{~J}

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F

The heat of fusion for silver at 960.8C960.8{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 88.3 kJ/kg88.3 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} and the specific heat of silver is 0.235 kJ/kgC0.235 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . What is the energy needed to melt 100 grams of silver starting at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 31.4 kJ31.4 \mathrm{~kJ}
B) 13.7 kJ13.7 \mathrm{~kJ}
C) 25.4 kJ25.4 \mathrm{~kJ}
D) 40.5 kJ40.5 \mathrm{~kJ}
E) 19.5 kJ19.5 \mathrm{~kJ}

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A brass rod with a length of 30.0 cm30.0 \mathrm{~cm} is placed side by side with an aluminum rod with a length of 30.0 cm30.0 \mathrm{~cm} , and this system is placed between a hot temperature of 100C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and a cold temperature of 10.0C10.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . The thermal conductivities of the brass and the aluminum are 100 W/mC100 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and 230 W/mC230 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , respectively. The brass rod has a cross-sectional area of 20.0 cm220.0 \mathrm{~cm}^{2} , and the aluminum rod has a cross-sectional area of 30.0 cm2\mathrm{cm}^{2} . What is the rate of heat flow from the hot temperature to the cold temperature?


A) 267 W267 \mathrm{~W}
B) 542 W542 \mathrm{~W}
C) 54.2 W54.2 \mathrm{~W}
D) 26.7 W26.7 \mathrm{~W}

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A jogger runs a kilometer in 8.30 minutes in still, dry air at a temperature of 25.0C25.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} . Her skin has a temperature of 35.0C35.0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and an exposed area of 1.00 m21.00 \mathrm{~m}^{2} . If the convective coefficient is 22.0 W/m2C22.0 \mathrm{~W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , then what is the rate of heat flow due to convection from her skin to the air?


A) 186 W186 \mathrm{~W}
B) 220 W220 \mathrm{~W}
C) 285 W285 \mathrm{~W}
D) 102 W102 \mathrm{~W}
E) 95.7 W95.7 \mathrm{~W}

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B

A person of mass 90.0 kg90.0 \mathrm{~kg} walks up a flight of stairs that are 12.0 meters high. What is the required energy of the exercise in Calories?


A) 1.85
B) 8.55
C) 4.66
D) 2.53
E) 7.32

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200 joules of heat flows into a 35.0 g35.0 \mathrm{~g} sample. If the temperature increases by 10.0C10.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , then what is the specific heat capacity of the sample, in J/kgC\mathrm{J} / \mathrm{kg}^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 375
B) 571
C) 254
D) 175
E) 422

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The specific heat of ice is 2.100 kJ/kgC2.100 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , the heat of fusion for ice at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 333.7 kJ/kg333.7 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} , the specific heat of water 4.186 kJ/kgC4.186 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , and the heat of vaporization of water at 100.0C100.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 2,256 kJ/kg\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg} . What is the final equilibrium temperature when 10.00 grams of ice at 15C-15^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is mixed with 3.000 grams of steam at 100C100{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 78.45C78.45^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
B) 80.34C80.34^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
C) 85.32C85.32^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
D) 82.56C82.56^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
E) 87.21C87.21^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

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The heat of vaporization of water at 100.0C100.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 2,256 kJ/kg2,256 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} . What is the heat of vaporization of water in cal/g\mathrm{cal} / \mathrm{g} ?


A) 497.2
B) 418.6
C) 365.3
D) 684.1
E) 538.9

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The specific heat of ice is 2.100 kJ/kgC2.100 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , the heat of fusion for ice at 0C0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 333.7 kJ/kg333.7 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} , the specific heat of water 4.186 kJ/kgC4.186 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , and the heat of vaporization of water at 100C100{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 2,256 kJ/k2,256 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{k} . What is the final equilibrium temperature when 10.00 grams of ice at 15.00C-15.00^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is mixed with 2.00 grams of steam at 100.0C100.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 40.12C40.12^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
B) 45.711C45.711^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
C) 53.53C53.53^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
D) 33.79C33.79^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
E) 27.54C27.54^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

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A sample of helium has a volume of 2.00 liters, a temperature of 20.0C20.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , and a pressure of 2.50 atmospheres. What is the energy needed to heat the sample of helium gas from 20.0C20.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} to 95.0C95.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} at constant volume?


A) 476 J476 \mathrm{~J}
B) 88.0 J88.0 \mathrm{~J}
C) 137 J137 \mathrm{~J}
D) 207 J207 \mathrm{~J}
E) 194 J194 \mathrm{~J}

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The specific heat of ice is 2.10 kJ/kgC2.10 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , the heat of fusion for ice at 0C0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 333.7 kJ/kg333.7 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} , the specific heat of water 4.186 kJ/kgC4.186 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg}{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} , and the heat of vaporization of water at 100C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is 2,256 kJ/kg2,256 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} . What is the final equilibrium temperature when 20.0 grams of ice at 15.0C-15.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C} is mixed with 5.00 grams of steam at 100C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 52.7C52.7^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
B) 44.1C44.1^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
C) 48.9C48.9^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
D) 58.0C58.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}
E) 65.2C65.2^{\circ} \mathrm{C}

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The specific heat of steam is 2,020 J/kgK2,020 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{K} in SI units. What is the value of the specific heat of steam in cal/g C{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?


A) 0.6812
B) 0.8765
C) 1.000
D) 0.2563
E) 0.4826

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