A) Middle-aged adults seem to have a much harder time adjusting to divorce than younger people.
B) Middle-aged adults who divorce report gains in happiness-an outcome stronger among men than women.
C) In the United States, the divorce rate among adults age 50 and over has doubled in the past two decades.
D) Divorcing women frequently mention that their emotional inattentiveness played a role in the marital failure.
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A) gang membership
B) focusing on career development
C) belonging to a religious community
D) moving away from extended family
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A) least; benefit from retirement preparation programs
B) most; begin planning for retirement in early adulthood
C) least; attend retirement preparation programs
D) most; look closely at their financial well-being
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A) They may be an especially strong motivator of action in midlife.
B) They remain considerably stable throughout an individual's lifespan.
C) They are unimportant to researchers because they are merely hopes.
D) They focus on hopes about the future rather than fears about what might be.
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A) resembled midlife crises
B) usually involved work-related issues
C) generally led to personal growth
D) focused on the physical changes of aging
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A) The number of middle-aged Americans with at least one living parent has dropped dramatically.
B) Adults of past generations were more devoted than today's middle-aged adults to their aging parents.
C) A longer life expectancy means that adult children and their parents are increasingly likely to grow old together.
D) Proximity decreases with age: Middle-aged children who move tend to go farther away from their aging parents.
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A) role confusion
B) selflessness
C) self-indulgence
D) guilt and shame
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A) a smaller number of close friends
B) less satisfaction with their friendships
C) providing their friends with more emotional support
D) a greater willingness to break off a long-term friendship
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A) redemption
B) "passing the torch"
C) becoming androgynous
D) advancement
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A) a focus on what they can give to others
B) taking little interest in being productive at work
C) a focus on their own children and grandchildren
D) taking interest in young people in their community
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A) young-old
B) destruction-creation
C) masculinity-femininity
D) engagement-separateness
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A) Vaillant saw many examples of substantial inner turmoil in midlife.
B) Levinson's work showed little evidence of a midlife crisis.
C) Current evidence supports the view of middle age as a turbulent time.
D) Vaillant saw examples of a slow and steady change, rather than a crisis.
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A) The number of friends increases with from middle to late adulthood.
B) Many midlifers connect regularly with friends through social media.
C) Older adults work harder to initiate new friendships than younger adults.
D) Middle-aged adults attach less value to friendship than younger adults.
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A) Masculinity
B) Femininity
C) Separateness
D) Androgyny
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A) have strong work orientations
B) are "off-time" in development
C) were born after the parents turned 35
D) seek both freedom and advice
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A) only positive life events
B) crisis and major restricting in midlife
C) continuity with little or no change
D) troubling times that prompt new goals
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A) Possible selves
B) Self-doubt
C) Destructiveness
D) Autonomy
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A) physical changes not realized
B) romantic and family relationships
C) having a lack of financial resources
D) failing to follow rules earlier in life
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A) Beth, a wealthy European-American woman
B) Luther, a low-income African-American man
C) Veronica, a middle-income African-American woman
D) Rex, a low-income European-American man
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A) conscientiousness
B) extroversion
C) agreeableness
D) openness to experience
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