Question 1

Of the total inorganic components in bone, calcium accounts for what percent?

Accepted Answer

A)   17%
B)   9.7%
C)   39%
D)   72%
E)   0.72%

Question 2

Secondary ossification centers occur

Accepted Answer

A)   in the diaphysis.
B)   at the periosteum.
C)   in the epiphyses.
D)   in the metaphyses.
E)   in dermal bones.

Question 3

The narrow passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes are called

Accepted Answer

A)   central canals.
B)   lacunae.
C)   canaliculi.
D)   medullary cavities.
E)   foramina.

Question 4

A ________ fracture is produced by twisting stresses applied to the bone.

Accepted Answer

A)   comminuted
B)   greenstick
C)   compression
D)   transverse
E)   spiral

Question 5

The type of bone that is adapted to withstand stresses that arrive from many directions is ________ bone.

Accepted Answer

A)   spongy
B)   osteon
C)   compact
D)   lamellar
E)   irregular

Question 6

Cells that free calcium from bone to maintain blood calcium levels are called

Accepted Answer

A)   osteolytics.
B)   osteoclasts.
C)   osteoblasts.
D)   osteogenics.
E)   osteocytes.

Question 7

A condition in which bone becomes riddled with holes making them brittle and compromises normal function is called

Accepted Answer

A)   osteopenia.
B)   osteoporosis.
C)   osteomyelitis.
D)   osteitis.
E)   osteomalacia.

Question 8

During the growth of a long bone, how is the epiphysis forced farther from the shaft?

Accepted Answer

The chondrocytes of the epiphyseal cartilage enlarge and divide, increasing the thickness of the cartilage. On the shaft, the chondrocytes become ossified, "chasing" the expanding epiphyseal cartilage away from the shaft.

Question 9

The region of a long bone between the end and the shaft is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   diaphysis.
B)   epiphysis.
C)   osseophysis.
D)   metaphysis.
E)   medullary cavity.

Question 10

Achamber within a bone normally filled with air is a

Accepted Answer

A)   foramen.
B)   sinus.
C)   fossa.
D)   canal.
E)   meatus. B

Question 11

The organic component of the matrix in developing or repairing bone is called

Accepted Answer

A)   osteon.
B)   osteoid.
C)   hydroxyapatite.
D)   mesenchymal tissue.
E)   calcium phosphate.

Question 12

Blood is distributed from the surface of a bone to deeper central canals through channels known as

Accepted Answer

A)   perforating canals.
B)   canaliculi.
C)   interstitial canals.
D)   concentric ducts.
E)   concentric canals.

Question 13

The structural units of mature compact bone are called

Accepted Answer

A)   trabeculae.
B)   osteocytes.
C)   osteons.
D)   canaliculi.
E)   lamellae.

Question 14

Which of the following is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

A)   roof of the skull
B)   carpal bones
C)   femur
D)   clavicle
E)   the roof of the skull and the clavicle

Question 15

Elevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormone

Accepted Answer

A)   calcitonin.
B)   thyroid hormone.
C)   parathyroid hormone.
D)   growth hormone.
E)   testosterone.

Question 16

Factors that are necessary for proper bone formation include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin A.
B)   vitamin E.
C)   vitamin C.
D)   the hormone thyroxine.
E)   vitamin D.

Question 17

The patella is an example of a(n)  ________ bone.

Accepted Answer

A)   irregular
B)   sesamoid
C)   sutural
D)   sagittal
E)   flat

Question 18

In bone, the calcium phosphate forms crystals of

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoid matrix.
B)   calcium carbonate.
C)   hydroxyapatite.
D)   calcitriol.
E)   proteolytic enzymes.

Question 19

The layers of bone tissue immediately deep to the periosteum are

Accepted Answer

A)   circumferential lamellae.
B)   osteoid plates.
C)   trabeculae.
D)   concentric lamellae.
E)   epiphseal ridges.

Question 20

Stem cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts are called ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   osteopropagator
B)   osteoforming
C)   osteocreator
D)   osteotrophic
E)   osteogenic E

Exam 6: Bones and Bone Structure

Of the total inorganic components in bone, calcium accounts for what percent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secondary ossification centers occur

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The narrow passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ________ fracture is produced by twisting stresses applied to the bone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of bone that is adapted to withstand stresses that arrive from many directions is ________ bone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells that free calcium from bone to maintain blood calcium levels are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A condition in which bone becomes riddled with holes making them brittle and compromises normal function is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the growth of a long bone, how is the epiphysis forced farther from the shaft?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe chondrocytes of the epiphyseal cartilage enlarge and divide, increasing the thickness of the cartilage. On the shaft, the chondrocytes become ossified, "chasing" the expanding epiphyseal cartilage away from the shaft.

The region of a long bone between the end and the shaft is known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Achamber within a bone normally filled with air is a

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The organic component of the matrix in developing or repairing bone is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood is distributed from the surface of a bone to deeper central canals through channels known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structural units of mature compact bone are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Factors that are necessary for proper bone formation include all of the following, except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The patella is an example of a(n) ________ bone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In bone, the calcium phosphate forms crystals of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The layers of bone tissue immediately deep to the periosteum are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stem cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts are called ________ cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedE

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The chondrocytes of the epiphyseal cartilage enlarge and divide, increasing the thickness of the cartilage. On the shaft, the chondrocytes become ossified, "chasing" the expanding epiphyseal cartilage away from the shaft.

Correct Answer
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B

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E