Question 1

Figure 6-1 The Structure of Compact Bone

Use Figure 6-1 to answer the following questions:
-The structure labeled "3" is the result of which process?

Accepted Answer

A)   bone cells adding matrix between existing osteons
B)   surface growth of bone
C)   remodeling of compact bone
D)   remodeling of spongy bone
E)   osteoporosis

Question 2

The most abundant cell type in bone is

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoclasts.
B)   osteoblasts.
C)   osteolytes.
D)   osteoprogenitor cells.
E)   osteocytes.

Question 3

Aging has what effect on the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

A)   progressive loss of processes and tuberosities
B)   fusion of joints, especially in the vertebral column
C)   loss of calcium and collagen fibers from matrix
D)   increase in the number of cranial foramina
E)   increase in adipose tissue in epiphyses

Question 4

Figure 6-1 The Structure of Compact Bone

Use Figure 6-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structures labeled "4."

Accepted Answer

A)   concentric lamellae
B)   circumferential lamellae
C)   interstitial lamellae
D)   trabeculae
E)   periosteum

Question 5

When production of sex hormones increases at puberty, epiphyseal plates

Accepted Answer

A)   widen.
B)   become narrower.
C)   increase slowly.
D)   accelerate rapidly, but mostly in thickness.
E)   are hardly affected.

Question 6

While on a school skiing trip in Colorado, Heidi falls and breaks her tibia and fibula in a Pott's fracture. What would you expect as a prominent part of her clinical assessment several hours after the fall?

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertension
B)   tachycardia
C)   erythema
D)   hematoma
E)   cyanosis

Question 7

The most abundant mineral in the human body is

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium.
B)   potassium.
C)   phosphorus.
D)   calcium.
E)   hydrogen.

Question 8

The carpal bones are examples of ________ bones.

Accepted Answer

A)   long
B)   short
C)   flat
D)   irregular
E)   sesamoid

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bone matrix is very dense and contains deposits of calcium salts.
B)   The matrix of the bone contains osteoclasts and chondroblasts.
C)   Narrow channels pass through the matrix to allow for muscle attachment.
D)   The matrix of bone is mostly collagen with very little calcium.
E)   For strength, compact bone is organized into a meshwork of matrix called trabeculae.

Question 10

Connective tissue fibers incorporated into bone tissue from ligaments are called

Accepted Answer

A)   elastic fibers.
B)   reticular fibers.
C)   perforating fibers.
D)   superficial fibers.
E)   calcified fibers.

Question 11

If blood calcium levels drop below 8.5 mg/dL which hormone is likely to be activated?

Accepted Answer

A)   parathyroid hormone
B)   estrogen
C)   calcitonin
D)   calcitriol
E)   both calcitriol and parathyroid hormone

Question 12

Which of the following chemicals is not present in bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium phosphate
B)   collagen fibers
C)   calcium carbonate
D)   chondroitin sulfate
E)   hydroxyapatite

Question 13

Small bones that fill gaps between bones of the skull are called ________ bones.

Accepted Answer

A)   irregular
B)   sesamoid
C)   sutural
D)   sagittal
E)   tendon

Question 14

The central canal of an osteon contains

Accepted Answer

A)   bone marrow.
B)   osteocytes.
C)   concentric lamellae.
D)   blood vessels.
E)   lacunae.

Question 15

Damage to a bone because of extreme load, sudden impact, or stresses applied from an unusual directioniscalled a

Accepted Answer

A)   dislocation.
B)   contortion.
C)   rupture.
D)   fragmentation.
E)   fracture.

Question 16

The shaft of long bones is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   epiphysis.
B)   metaphysis.
C)   diaphysis.
D)   paraphysis.
E)   endophysis.

Question 17

Intramembranous ossification

Accepted Answer

A)   produces flat bones, as in the bones of the roof of the skull.
B)   explains how a juvenile's bone can grow in length.
C)   occurs in the diaphysis of a long bone.
D)   occurs inside a bag of cartilage.
E)   occurs in all bones before birth.

Question 18

Bone plays a central role in the regulation of blood levels of

Accepted Answer

A)   potassium.
B)   iron.
C)   sulfate.
D)   calcium.
E)   sodium.

Question 19

If osteoclasts are more active than osteoblasts, bones will become

Accepted Answer

A)   denser.
B)   thicker.
C)   osteopenic.
D)   stronger.
E)   calcified.

Question 20

How do sex hormones affect bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   Testosterone stimulates osteoclast activity.
B)   They cause ossification to be faster than cartilage replacement.
C)   They stimulate the cleavage of hydroxyapetite.
D)   They cause osteoporosis.
E)   Estrogen causes slower epiphyseal closure.

Exam 6: Bones and Bone Structure

Which of the following is a characteristic of bone?

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How do sex hormones affect bone growth?

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Connective tissue fibers incorporated into bone tissue from ligaments are called

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While on a school skiing trip in Colorado, Heidi falls and breaks her tibia and fibula in a Pott's fracture. What would you expect as a prominent part of her clinical assessment several hours after the fall?

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Bone plays a central role in the regulation of blood levels of

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The most abundant mineral in the human body is

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The central canal of an osteon contains

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The shaft of long bones is called the

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The carpal bones are examples of ________ bones.

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The most abundant cell type in bone is

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Small bones that fill gaps between bones of the skull are called ________ bones.

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Figure 6-1 The Structure of Compact Bone Use Figure 6-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structures labeled "4."

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Which of the following chemicals is not present in bone?

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Intramembranous ossification

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Figure 6-1 The Structure of Compact Bone Use Figure 6-1 to answer the following questions: -The structure labeled "3" is the result of which process?

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If osteoclasts are more active than osteoblasts, bones will become

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If blood calcium levels drop below 8.5 mg/dL which hormone is likely to be activated?

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When production of sex hormones increases at puberty, epiphyseal plates

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Aging has what effect on the skeletal system?

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Damage to a bone because of extreme load, sudden impact, or stresses applied from an unusual directioniscalled a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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