Question 1

A small birthday candle is weighed, then lighted and placed beneath a metal can containing 100 mL of water. Careful records are kept as the temperature of the water rises. Data from this experiment are shown on the graph. What amount of heat energy is released in the burning of candle wax?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 kilocalories per gram of wax burned
B)  5 kilocalories per gram of wax burned
C)  10 kilocalories per gram of wax burned
D)  20 kilocalories per gram of wax burned
E)  50 kilocalories per gram of wax burned

Question 2

Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen has a valence of 2.
B)  the water molecule is shaped like a tetrahedron.
C)  the bonds that hold together the atoms in a water molecule are polar covalent bonds.
D)  the oxygen atom in a water molecule has a weak positive charge.
E)  each of the hydrogen atoms in a water molecule is weakly negative in charge.

Question 3

The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes are

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic bonds.
B)  hydrogen bonds between water molecules.
C)  covalent bonds between atoms within water molecules.
D)  polar covalent bonds.
E)  nonpolar covalent bonds

Question 4

You have a freshly-prepared 1M solution of glucose in water. You carefully pour out a 100 mL sample of that solution. How many glucose molecules are included in that 100 mL sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  6.02 × 10²³
B)  3.01 × 10²³
C)  6.02 × 10²⁴
D)  12.04 × 10²³
E)  6.02 × 10²²

Question 5

If the pH of a solution is decreased from 9 to 8, it means that the

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration of H⁺ has decreased to one-tenth (1/10) what it was at pH 9.
B)  concentration of H⁺ has increased 10-fold (10X) compared to what it was at pH 9.
C)  concentration of OH⁻ has increased 10-fold (10X) compared to what it was at pH 9.
D)  concentration of OH⁻ has decreased to one-tenth (1/10) what it was at pH 9.
E)  Both B and D are correct.

Question 6

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion [H⁺] concentration of 10⁻⁸ M?

Accepted Answer

A)  pH 2
B)  pH 4
C)  pH 6
D)  pH 8
E)  pH 10

Question 7

Which of the following ionizes completely in solution and is considered to be a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  NaOH
B)  HCl
C)  NH₃
D)  H₂CO₃
E)  CH₃COOH

Question 8

Which of the following statements is completely correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  H₂CO₃ is a weak acid, and NaOH is a weak base (alkali) .
B)  H₂CO₃ is a strong acid, and NaOH is a strong base (alkali) .
C)  NH₃ is a weak base (alkali) , and H₂CO₃ is a strong acid.
D)  NH₃ is a weak base (alkali) , and HCl is a strong acid.
E)  NH₃ is a strong base (alkali) , and HCl is a weak acid.

Question 9

You have a freshly-prepared 0.1M solution of glucose in water. Each liter of this solution contains how many glucose molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  6.02 × 10²³
B)  3.01 × 10²³
C)  6.02 × 10²⁴
D)  12.04 × 10²³
E)  6.02 × 10²²

Question 10

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.0 M
B)  10⁻¹⁰ M
C)  10⁻⁴ M
D)  10⁴ M
E)  4%

Question 11

Pure, freshly-distilled water has a pH of 7. This means that

Accepted Answer

A)  there are no H⁺ ions in the water.
B)  there are no OH⁻ ions in the water.
C)  the concentration of H⁺ ions in the water equals the concentration of OH⁻ ions in the water.
D)  the concentration of H⁺ ions in the water is 7 times the concentration of OH⁻ ions in the water.
E)  The concentration of OH⁻ ions in the water is 7 times the concentration of H⁺ ions in the water.

Question 12

One liter of a solution pH 9 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH⁻) than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 times more
B)  100 times more
C)  1,000 times more
D)  10,000 times more
E)  100,000 times more

Question 13

-How many grams of the molecule in Figure 3.2 would be required to make 1 L of a 0.5 M solution of the molecule?
(Carbon = 12, Oxygen = 16, Hydrogen = 1)

Accepted Answer

A)  29
B)  30
C)  60
D)  150
E)  342

Question 14

Which of the following takes place as an ice cube cools a drink?

Accepted Answer

A)  Molecular collisions in the drink increase.
B)  Kinetic energy in the drink decreases.
C)  A calorie of heat energy is transferred from the ice to the water of the drink.
D)  The specific heat of the water in the drink decreases.
E)  Evaporation of the water in the drink increases.

Question 15

Which of the following effects is produced by the high surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lakes don't freeze solid in winter, despite low temperatures.
B)  A water strider can walk across the surface of a small pond.
C)  Organisms resist temperature changes, although they give off heat due to chemical reactions.
D)  Water can act as a solvent.
E)  The pH of water remains exactly neutral.

Question 16

Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydroxyl ions [OH⁻]?

Accepted Answer

A)  lemon juice at pH 2
B)  vinegar at pH 3
C)  tomato juice at pH 4
D)  urine at pH 6
E)  seawater at pH 8

Question 17

The following question is based on Figure 3.1: solute molecule surrounded by a hydration shell of water.

-Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules, the solute molecule is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  positively charged.
B)  negatively charged.
C)  without charge.
D)  hydrophobic.
E)  nonpolar.

Question 18

A given solution contains 0.0001(10⁻⁴) moles of hydrogen ions [H⁺] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  acidic: H⁺ acceptor
B)  basic: H⁺ acceptor
C)  acidic: H⁺ donor
D)  basic: H⁺ donor
E)  neutral

Question 19

The molecular mass of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is 180 g. Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of solution is 1 L.
B)  Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
C)  Dissolve 180 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
D)  Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in 1 L of water.
E)  Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water.

Question 20

Research indicates that acid precipitation can damage living organisms by

Accepted Answer

A)  buffering aquatic systems such as lakes and streams.
B)  decreasing the H⁺ concentration of lakes and streams.
C)  increasing the OH⁻ concentration of lakes and streams.
D)  washing away certain mineral ions that help buffer soil solution and are essential nutrients for plant growth.
E)  both B and C

Exam 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment

The following question is based on Figure 3.1: solute molecule surrounded by a hydration shell of water. -Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules, the solute molecule is most likely

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Which of the following statements is completely correct?

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The molecular mass of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is 180 g. Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

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The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes are

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A given solution contains 0.0001(10⁻⁴) moles of hydrogen ions [H⁺] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?

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-How many grams of the molecule in Figure 3.2 would be required to make 1 L of a 0.5 M solution of the molecule? (Carbon = 12, Oxygen = 16, Hydrogen = 1)

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Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?

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A small birthday candle is weighed, then lighted and placed beneath a metal can containing 100 mL of water. Careful records are kept as the temperature of the water rises. Data from this experiment are shown on the graph. What amount of heat energy is released in the burning of candle wax?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following takes place as an ice cube cools a drink?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ionizes completely in solution and is considered to be a strong acid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pure, freshly-distilled water has a pH of 7. This means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydroxyl ions [OH⁻]?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have a freshly-prepared 1M solution of glucose in water. You carefully pour out a 100 mL sample of that solution. How many glucose molecules are included in that 100 mL sample?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the pH of a solution is decreased from 9 to 8, it means that the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following effects is produced by the high surface tension of water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One liter of a solution pH 9 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH⁻) than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research indicates that acid precipitation can damage living organisms by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have a freshly-prepared 0.1M solution of glucose in water. Each liter of this solution contains how many glucose molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion [H⁺] concentration of 10⁻⁸ M?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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