Question 1

The high levels of pesticides found in birds of prey is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  eutrophication.
B)  predation.
C)  biological magnification.
D)  the green world hypothesis.
E)  chemical cycling through an ecosystem.

Question 2

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow.
  
Figure 55.2
-Which species is most likely the decomposer?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following...

Question 3

In terms of nutrient cycling, why does timber harvesting in a temperate forest cause less ecological devastation than timber harvesting in tropical rain forests?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trees are generally smaller in temperate forests, so fewer nutrients will be removed from the temperate forest ecosystem during a harvest.
B)  Temperate forest tree species require fewer nutrients to survive than their tropical counterpart species, so a harvest removes fewer nutrients from the temperate ecosystem.
C)  The warmer temperatures in the tropics influence rain forest species to assimilate nutrients more slowly, so tropical reforestation is much slower than temperate reforestation.
D)  There are far fewer decomposers in tropical rain forests so turning organic matter into usable nutrients is a slower process than in temperate forest ecosystems.
E)  Typical harvests remove up to 75% of the nutrients in the woody trunks of tropical rain forest trees, leaving nutrient-impoverished soils behind.

Question 4

The Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment yielded all of the following results except that

Accepted Answer

A)  most minerals were recycled within a forest ecosystem.
B)  the flow of minerals out of a natural watershed was offset by minerals flowing in.
C)  deforestation increased water runoff.
D)  the nitrate concentration in waters draining the deforested area became dangerously high.
E)  calcium levels remained high in the soil of deforested areas.

Question 5

Refer to Figure 55.1, a diagram of a food web, for the following questions. (Arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species.) 
  
Figure 55.1
-If this were a terrestrial food web, the combined biomass of C + D would probably be

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than the biomass of A.
B)  less than the biomass of H.
C)  greater than the biomass of B.
D)  less than the biomass of A + B.
E)  less than the biomass of E.

Question 6

When levels of CO2 are experimentally increased, C3 plants generally respond with a greater increase in productivity than C4 plants. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  C3 plants are more efficient in their use of CO2.
B)  C3 plants are able to obtain the same amount of CO2 by keeping their stomata open for shorter periods of time.
C)  C4 plants don't use CO2 as their source of carbon.
D)  C3 plants are more limited than C4 plants by CO2 availability because of transpirational water loss.
E)  C3 plants have special adaptations for CO2 uptake, such as larger stomata.

Question 7

Which of the following properly links the nutrient to its reservoir?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen ionic nitrogen in the soil
B)  Water atmospheric water vapor
C)  Carbon dissolved CO2 in aquatic ecosystems
D)  Phosphorous sedimentary rocks
E)  A, B, C, and D are all correct

Question 8

Which of the following is caused by excessive nutrient runoff into lakes?

Accepted Answer

A)  depletion of atmospheric ozone
B)  turnover
C)  biological magnification
D)  greenhouse effect
E)  eutrophication

Question 9

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow.
  
Figure 55.2
-Species C is toxic to predators. Which species is most likely to benefit from being a mimic of C?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following...

Question 10

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow.
  
Figure 55.2
-Which species is most likely an omnivore?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following...

Question 11

To recycle nutrients, the minimum an ecosystem must have is

Accepted Answer

A)  producers.
B)  producers and decomposers.
C)  producers, primary consumers, and decomposers.
D)  producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers.
E)  producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, top carnivores, and decomposers.

Question 12

You have a friend who is wary of environmentalists' claims that global warming could lead to major biological change on Earth. Which of the following statements can you truthfully make in response to your friend's suspicions?

Accepted Answer

A)  We know that atmospheric carbon dioxide has increased in the last 150 years.
B)  Through measurements and observations, we know that carbon dioxide levels and temperature fluctuations were directly correlated even in prehistoric times.
C)  Global warming could have significant effects on United States agriculture.
D)  Sea levels will likely rise, displacing as much as 50% of the world's human population.
E)  A, B, C, and D are all correct

Question 13

The total biomass of photosynthetic autotrophs present in an ecosystem is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  gross primary productivity.
B)  standing crop.
C)  net primary productivity.
D)  secondary productivity.
E)  trophic efficiency.

Question 14

Nitrogen is available to plants only in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  N2 in the atmosphere.
B)  nitrite ions in the soil.
C)  uric acid from animal excretions.
D)  amino acids from decomposing plant and animal proteins.
E)  nitrate ions in the soil.

Question 15

How is it that satellites can detect differences in primary productivity on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photosynthesizers absorb more visible light in the 350-750 wavelengths.
B)  Satellite instruments can detect reflectance patterns of the photosynthesizers of different ecosystems.
C)  Sensitive satellite instruments can measure the amount of NADPH produced in the summative light reactions of different ecosystems.
D)  By comparing the wavelengths of light captured and reflected by photosynthesizers to the amount of light reaching different ecosystems.
E)  By measuring the amount of water vapor emitted by transpiring photosynthesizers.

Question 16

Which of the following are responsible for the conversion of most organic material into CO2, which can be utilized in primary production?

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophs
B)  detrivores
C)  primary consumers
D)  herbivores
E)  carnivores

Question 17

Use the information below to answer the following questions.
Flycatcher birds that migrate from Africa to Europe feed their nestlings mostly with moth caterpillars. The data presented show the mean dates of egg laying, hatching, and fledging of flycatcher young, and the 1980 and 2000 peak mass of caterpillars.
  
Figure 55.4
-The most likely cause for the shift in caterpillar peak mass is

Accepted Answer

A)  pesticide use.
B)  earlier migration returns of flycatchers.
C)  an innate change of biological clock by caterpillars.
D)  global warming.
E)  a decrease in the amount of calcium in the ecosystem.

Question 18

Which of the following is True of detrivores?

Accepted Answer

A)  They recycle chemical elements directly back to primary consumers.
B)  They synthesize organic molecules that are used by primary producers.
C)  They convert organic materials from all trophic levels to inorganic compounds usable by primary producers.
D)  They secrete enzymes that convert the organic molecules of detritus into CO2 and H₂O.
E)  Some species are autotrophic, while others are heterotrophic.

Question 19

As big as it is, the ocean is nutrient-limited. If you wanted to investigate this, one reasonable avenue would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  follow whale migrations in order to determine where most nutrients are.
B)  observe Antarctic Ocean productivity from year to year to see if it changes.
C)  experimentally enrich some areas of the ocean and compare their productivity to that of untreated areas.
D)  compare nutrient concentrations between the photic zone and the benthic zone in various locations
E)  contrast nutrient uptake by autotrophs in oceans of different temperatures.

Question 20

The producers in aquatic ecosystems include organisms in which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  cyanobacteria
B)  algae
C)  plants
D)  photoautotrophs
E)  A, B, C, and D are all correct

Exam 55: Ecosystems

As big as it is, the ocean is nutrient-limited. If you wanted to investigate this, one reasonable avenue would be to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is caused by excessive nutrient runoff into lakes?

Correct Answer
verified

The producers in aquatic ecosystems include organisms in which of the following groups?

Correct Answer
verified

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow. Figure 55.2 -Which species is most likely the decomposer?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is True of detrivores?

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to Figure 55.1, a diagram of a food web, for the following questions. (Arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species.) Figure 55.1 -If this were a terrestrial food web, the combined biomass of C + D would probably be

Correct Answer
verified

Nitrogen is available to plants only in the form of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following properly links the nutrient to its reservoir?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following are responsible for the conversion of most organic material into CO2, which can be utilized in primary production?

Correct Answer
verified

The Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment yielded all of the following results except that

Correct Answer
verified

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow. Figure 55.2 -Species C is toxic to predators. Which species is most likely to benefit from being a mimic of C?

Correct Answer
verified

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow. Figure 55.2 -Which species is most likely an omnivore?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When levels of CO2 are experimentally increased, C3 plants generally respond with a greater increase in productivity than C4 plants. This is because

Correct Answer
verified

The high levels of pesticides found in birds of prey is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

The total biomass of photosynthetic autotrophs present in an ecosystem is known as

Correct Answer
verified

In terms of nutrient cycling, why does timber harvesting in a temperate forest cause less ecological devastation than timber harvesting in tropical rain forests?

Correct Answer
verified

How is it that satellites can detect differences in primary productivity on Earth?

Correct Answer
verified

You have a friend who is wary of environmentalists' claims that global warming could lead to major biological change on Earth. Which of the following statements can you truthfully make in response to your friend's suspicions?

Correct Answer
verified

To recycle nutrients, the minimum an ecosystem must have is

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 55: Ecosystems

As big as it is, the ocean is nutrient-limited. If you wanted to investigate this, one reasonable avenue would be to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is caused by excessive nutrient runoff into lakes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The producers in aquatic ecosystems include organisms in which of the following groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow. Figure 55.2 -Which species is most likely the decomposer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is True of detrivores?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to Figure 55.1, a diagram of a food web, for the following questions. (Arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species.) Figure 55.1 -If this were a terrestrial food web, the combined biomass of C + D would probably be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nitrogen is available to plants only in the form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following properly links the nutrient to its reservoir?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are responsible for the conversion of most organic material into CO2, which can be utilized in primary production?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Hubbard Brook watershed deforestation experiment yielded all of the following results except that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow. Figure 55.2 -Species C is toxic to predators. Which species is most likely to benefit from being a mimic of C?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use Figure 55.2 to answer the following questions. Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem. Each letter is a species. The arrows represent energy flow. Figure 55.2 -Which species is most likely an omnivore?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When levels of CO2 are experimentally increased, C3 plants generally respond with a greater increase in productivity than C4 plants. This is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The high levels of pesticides found in birds of prey is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total biomass of photosynthetic autotrophs present in an ecosystem is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In terms of nutrient cycling, why does timber harvesting in a temperate forest cause less ecological devastation than timber harvesting in tropical rain forests?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is it that satellites can detect differences in primary productivity on Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have a friend who is wary of environmentalists' claims that global warming could lead to major biological change on Earth. Which of the following statements can you truthfully make in response to your friend's suspicions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To recycle nutrients, the minimum an ecosystem must have is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified