Exam 2: Normative Theories of Ethics

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Legal rights and moral rights are two di...

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A) a prima facie obligation is absolute and can never be overridden.
B) what we should do in any specific set of circumstances will always be self-evident.
C) it would be wrong to lie to a murderer even to save the life of a friend.
D) we have various moral duties that can't be reduced to a single,overarching obligation.

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A) utilitarianism may lead to conclusions that conflict with commonsense morality.
B) keeping your promises never maximizes happiness.
C) it was wrong to have made the promise in the first place.
D) utilitarianism boils down to egoism.

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A) believe that the optimal moral code will not normally produce 100% compliance.
B) believe that the optimal moral code would consist of only one rule,namely,always act so as to maximize happiness.
C) assume that everyone will always follow the rules,all the time.
D) believe that an action is wrong if it fails to maximize happiness.

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A) Utilitarians wish to maximize happiness not simply immediately,but in the long run as well.
B) Utilitarians contend that we can determine with certainty what the future consequences of our present actions will be.
C) When choosing among possible actions,utilitarianism requires us to disregard our own happiness.
D) For the hedonistic utilitarian,knowledge,friendship,and aesthetic satisfaction are inherently good.

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A) Human rights are equal rights;if X is a human right,then everyone has this right.
B) Human rights are transferable and thus "alienable".
C) Human rights rest on particular roles and special relationships.
D) Human rights are not natural but are always grounded in a specific legal or political system.

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A) you can never act honestly or be gracious or helpful to others.
B) you must endorse hedonism.
C) you must always avoid any unpleasant or painful experiences.
D) you believe that it is morally right to do whatever promotes your self-interest.

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A) it is impossible to make progress on controversial ethical issues unless everyone shares the same moral theory.
B) endorsing a moral principle doesn't require you to apply it in all similar situations.
C) moral judgments don't have to be related to some general moral principles.
D) in a moral discussion,clarifying the facts and spelling out the principles to which people are appealing can help us to reach a solution.

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A) He defended a consequentialist theory of right and wrong.
B) He believed that all duties are prima facie duties.
C) He believed that moral principles rest on empirical data,on observation and experiment.
D) He believed that reason by itself can reveal the basic principles of morality.

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A prima facie obligation is a concept in...

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A) good will is the only thing that is good in itself.
B) an action has moral worth if it is consistent with the categorical imperative.
C) only actions based on feeling or sentiment have moral worth.
D) a self-interested person can never do the right action.

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Egoism, as an ethical theory, and psycho...

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The categorical imperative and the hypot...

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