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Exam 2: Culture

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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A(n) __________ can be anything that meaningfully represents something else.

A) ​indicator
B) ​symbol
C) ​device
D) ​character

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Question 22

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__________ theorists have conducted most of the research on "core" values in the United States.

A) ​Conflict
B) ​Functionalist
C) ​Symbolic interactionist
D) ​Postmodern

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Question 23

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__________ are norms considered to be less important, are unwritten, and are commonly understood standards of behavior among people who share an identity.

A central component of nonmaterial culture is __________, which are the mental acceptance or conviction that certain things are true or real.

Cultural relativism is always considered of positive value.

Describe the importance of language for identity, and the role of language in creating and sustaining boundaries between groups and social inequality.

Which of these statements about values is true?

Although technology will certainly continue to revolutionize communication throughout the world, most of the global population will not participate in this revolution.

Sociologists use the term __________ for the practice of judging all other cultures by one's own culture, assuming that one's own way of life is superior to all others.

Language, beliefs, values, rules of behavior, family patterns, and political systems are examples of material culture.

Some nations, such as the United States, are referred to as __________, which means that they include people who are dissimilar in regard to social characteristics such as religion, income, or race/ethnicity.

__________ refers to the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society.

Distinguish among folkways, mores, and taboos and describe them as informal or formal. Discuss the types of sanctions that each involves, and give examples.

Not all norms are of equal importance; __________ are written down and involve specific punishments for violators. Laws are the most common type; they have been codified and may be enforced by sanctions.

Culture works for humans the way that instincts work for other animals, guiding them through daily life.

Applying the broadest sense of the concept, most people in the United States could be classified as members of one subculture or another.

Jeffery Dahmer was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison for this offense. He also practiced cannibalism on his victims. In this situation, the act of murder could be described as the violation of __________, while cannibalism could be described as the violation of a __________.

Anthropologist George Murdock compiled a list of over seventy __________, which are customs and practices that occur across all societies.

Contrast ideal culture and real culture and provide examples of each.

Which of these is the best example of a reflex?​