Question 1

Distinguish between interviews, questionnaires, and observations as measurement methods.

Accepted Answer

Questionnaires are highly structured, wh...

Question 2

Mediator variables are those that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   predict the relationship among variables
B)   have an independent effect on the existing relationship among variables
C)   influence the direction or strength of the relationship between variables
D)   refer to the process through which a variable produces an outcomeE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Describe the limitations of longitudinal studies.

Accepted Answer

Practical concerns include obtaining and...

Question 4

A measurement method that is highly structured with no opportunity for probes or clarification would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Clinical observation
B)   Interview
C)   Questionnaire
D)   ObservationE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Recall bias and distortion are potential limitations of ____ studies.

Accepted Answer

A)   analogue
B)   case
C)   retrospective
D)   cohortE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

____ increases the chance that characteristics other than the independent variable will be equally distributed across treatment groups.

Accepted Answer

A)   Manual distribution
B)   Predetermined distribution
C)   Natural assignment
D)   Random assignmentE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

____ evaluate treatment outcomes for children who are unsystematically assigned to treatment and control conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)   Efficacy studies
B)   Case studies
C)   Randomized controlled trials
D)   Correlational studiesE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Taking a child to see three different psychologists and receiving three different diagnoses would be an example of a lack of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   convergent validity
B)   discriminant validity
C)   internal consistency
D)   interrater reliabilityE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

What are the primary differences between pseudoscience and science?

Accepted Answer

The differences between scientific and p...

Question 10

Research procedures that may harm a child physically or psychologically should ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   only be used when necessary
B)   only be used when a parent gives consent
C)   never be used
D)   only be used when the researcher is very carefulE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

In ____ research, the same individuals are studied at different ages/stages of development.

Accepted Answer

A)   cross-sectional
B)   longitudinal
C)   between groups
D)   cohortE) All of the above
F) A) and B) B

Question 12

What ethical and pragmatic issues must be considered when conducting research with children?

Accepted Answer

Although researchers are obligated to us...

Question 13

Factors that influence the direction or strength of a relationship of variables of interest are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   correlated variables
B)   mediator variables
C)   risk variables
D)   moderator variablesE) All of the above
F) None of the above D

Question 14

One of the major limitations of observational research methods is that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   they are not cost effective
B)   behavior may be altered as a function of participants' awareness of being observed
C)   results tend to be invalid
D)   observation cannot be conducted in a structured wayE) B) and C)
F) A) and C) B

Question 15

Qualitative research is characterized by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   operational definitions
B)   isolation of variables of interest
C)   careful control of subject matter
D)   in-depth narratives and observationsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

The overlapping or co-occurrence of disorders is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   multifinality
B)   comortality
C)   multidiagnosis
D)   comorbidityE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Emily's mother was asked to complete a behavior checklist on two separate occasions several weeks apart. The results yielded from both occasions were very similar. The behavior checklist can be said to be

Accepted Answer

A)   reliable.
B)   valid.
C)   standardized.
D)   effective.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

In ___________________, comparisons are made between conditions or treatments that already exist.

Accepted Answer

A)   natural experiments
B)   correlational studies
C)   retrospective design
D)   real-time prospective designsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Distinguish between prospective and retrospective research.

Accepted Answer

In a retrospective design, individuals w...

Question 20

A correlation score of +0.75 between two variables such as symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression indicates what kind of relationship between these variables?

Accepted Answer

A)   A weak, negative association between them
B)   A weak, positive association between them
C)   A strong, positive association between them
D)   A strong, negative relationship between themE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: Research

Distinguish between interviews, questionnaires, and observations as measurement methods.

Correct AnswerverifiedQuestionnaires are highly structured, wh...View AnswerShow Answer

Mediator variables are those that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the limitations of longitudinal studies.

Correct AnswerverifiedPractical concerns include obtaining and...View AnswerShow Answer

A measurement method that is highly structured with no opportunity for probes or clarification would be which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recall bias and distortion are potential limitations of ____ studies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ increases the chance that characteristics other than the independent variable will be equally distributed across treatment groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ evaluate treatment outcomes for children who are unsystematically assigned to treatment and control conditions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Taking a child to see three different psychologists and receiving three different diagnoses would be an example of a lack of ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the primary differences between pseudoscience and science?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe differences between scientific and p...View AnswerShow Answer

Research procedures that may harm a child physically or psychologically should ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In ____ research, the same individuals are studied at different ages/stages of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

What ethical and pragmatic issues must be considered when conducting research with children?

Correct AnswerverifiedAlthough researchers are obligated to us...View AnswerShow Answer

Factors that influence the direction or strength of a relationship of variables of interest are called ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

One of the major limitations of observational research methods is that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Qualitative research is characterized by ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The overlapping or co-occurrence of disorders is called ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emily's mother was asked to complete a behavior checklist on two separate occasions several weeks apart. The results yielded from both occasions were very similar. The behavior checklist can be said to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In ___________________, comparisons are made between conditions or treatments that already exist.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Distinguish between prospective and retrospective research.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn a retrospective design, individuals w...View AnswerShow Answer

A correlation score of +0.75 between two variables such as symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression indicates what kind of relationship between these variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Questionnaires are highly structured, wh...
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Practical concerns include obtaining and...
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The differences between scientific and p...
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B

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Although researchers are obligated to us...
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D

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B

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In a retrospective design, individuals w...
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