Exam 1: What Is Physical Anthropology

A) archaeological, geological, geographical, and biological.
B) physical, biological, cultural, and linguistic.
C) cultural, linguistic, geological, and physical.
D) physical, archaeological, cultural, and linguistic.

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D

A) A hypothesis explains observations and cannot be refuted by new evidence.
B) A theory is an explanation based upon controversial facts.
C) A theory is an explanation that has been carefully examined and tested.
D) A theory has been less thoroughly tested than a hypothesis.

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A) walking on two feet.
B) walking on four feet.
C) walking using two legs and a tail.
D) swinging from branch to branch.

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A) was the first evolutionary development that distinguished humans from other animals.
B) was possible only after the advent of simple material culture.
C) followed brain expansion in human evolution.
D) allowed hominids to come out of the trees and make tools 10 mya.

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A) skeletal pathology.
B) primate behavior.
C) the construction and use of language by human societies.
D) human evolution.

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A) linguistic comprehension.
B) subsistence strategies.
C) material culture.
D) ideology.

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A) travel around the world to investigate human populations.
B) study living populations.
C) study primates like lemurs, monkeys, and apes.
D) travel around the world to investigate human populations; study living populations, and study primates like lemurs, monkeys, and apes.

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A) They became sedentary and had less food to eat because they stayed in the same area.
B) They became sedentary and consumed more corn, which caused dental disease due to its high sugar content.
C) They became sedentary and did not have enough exercise to keep their bodies fit and healthy.
D) They continued as nomads, but loss of animals due to climate change created a decline in their food source.

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A) They ate wild animals, fish, and wild plants.
B) They ate bison and salmon.
C) They were vegetarians and ate wild plants exclusively.
D) They ate mostly fruit.

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A) their biological makeups, which primarily define who they are.
B) both evolutionary history and their own individual life histories.
C) what their genes make them; environment has very little effect.
D) their environment; genes have very little effect.

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A theory is an explanation that has been...

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A) eating, sleeping, and watching television
B) increased hunting, speech, and dependence on domesticated food
C) hunting, avoiding predators, and tool making
D) sleeping, hunting, and making clothing

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A) relies on making hunches about the natural world.
B) involves empirical data collection and hypothesis testing.
C) is used to support preconceived notions or theories.
D) seeks to establish the absolute scientific truth.

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A) humans from a cultural perspective.
B) humans from a biological perspective only.
C) humans from a biological and cultural perspective.
D) human behavior only.

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A) what species of nonhuman primate occupies this region
B) how current populations of immigrants have changed local dialects
C) how to excavate and study material culture
D) how to socially navigate life in a Central American setting

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C

A) poor health, reduced height, and shortened life expectancy.
B) poor speech and excessive eating habits.
C) poor reading comprehension.
D) an inability to think critically and develop long-term planning.

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A) primates and religious beings.
B) primates, religious, and cultural beings.
C) biological and cultural beings.
D) cultural and religious beings.

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C

A) We can learn that lifestyles do not change over time.
B) We can learn that diets, and therefore human biology, change through time.
C) We can learn that consuming the wrong foods over time does little to population health.
D) We can learn that human physiology does not change through time.

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