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List and briefly describe each of the four basic global strategies.

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Companies that pursue a global standardi...

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The globalization of production has caused firms to:


A) lower their market share.
B) lower their cost structure.
C) centralize their production process.
D) curb international competition.
E) limit the number of market segments.

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Cost reduction pressures can be particularly intense in industries producing:


A) commodity-type products.
B) highly differential products.
C) highly customized services.
D) goods that have no close substitutes.
E) goods that need minimal advertising.

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Which of the following is not a risk of exporting?


A) Tariff barriers
B) Transportation costs
C) Location diseconomies
D) High manufacturing costs
E) Delegation of marketing activities to a local agent

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What are the potential benefits and risks of global strategic alliances? What actions can a firm take to minimize the risks and maximize the benefits?

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Global strategic alliances share the ris...

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An international strategy may not be viable in the long term, but companies that can pursue it need to shift toward a global standardization strategy to survive.

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Which entry mode gives a multinational the tightest control over foreign operations?


A) Exporting from the home country and letting a foreign agent organize local marketing
B) Licensing
C) Franchising
D) Entering into a joint venture with a foreign company to set up overseas operations
E) Setting up a wholly owned subsidiary

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Which of the following statements is true about localization strategy?


A) It focuses on marketing a standardized product worldwide to achieve cost reductions.
B) It makes most sense when cost pressures are extremely intense.
C) It is most appropriate when there are similarities across nations with regard to consumer tastes and preferences.
D) It involves some duplication of functions and smaller production runs.
E) It usually relieves companies of the task of closely monitoring their costs.

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Factor endowments, the cost and quality of factors of production, are a prime determinant of the competitive advantage that certain countries have in certain industries.

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Which of the following is an advantage of franchising?


A) It ensures tight control over quality.
B) It enables companies to engage in global strategic coordination.
C) It involves low development costs and risks.
D) It enables the company to collect all the profits made by the franchisees.
E) It frees companies from the task of monitoring and assisting operations at franchisees.

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Companies should form strategic alliances with firms that have a reputation for being opportunistic.

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Strategic alliances can be designed to make it difficult (if not impossible) to transfer technology that is not meant to be transferred.

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The Achilles heel of international strategy is that:


A) economies of scale cannot be achieved.
B) customization of products makes the company lose its credibility.
C) competitors inevitably emerge.
D) non-price differences among products hold little importance.
E) customer preferences eventually become identical.

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Starbucks, Sony, and Coca-Cola conduct business in two or more countries. These companies can be referred to as multinational companies.

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Despite the globalization of production and markets, many of the most successful companies in certain industries are still clustered in a small number of countries.

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Aries Travels is a company that offers holiday and travel packages. The company realizes that customer preferences vary and thus extensively customizes its packages. As there are not many competitors in the market in which Aries Travels operates, there are minimal pressures to reduce costs. Aries Travels is most likely to have adopted a _____ strategy.


A) global standardization
B) international
C) localization
D) transnational
E) harvest

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Which of the following is not an attribute of a national or country-specific environment that has an impact on global competitiveness of companies located in that nation?


A) Factor endowments
B) Local demand conditions
C) Related and supporting industries
D) Strategy, structure, and rivalry of firms within the nation
E) Advertising expenses

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Most manufacturing companies begin their global expansion by exporting.

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Which of the following factors increases pressures for cost reductions?


A) Meaningful differentiation between products
B) Reduced international competition
C) Competitors that are based in high-cost locations
D) High switching costs
E) Persistent excess capacity

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A company, Pluto Inc., employs the franchising strategy to enter a new national market. Which of the following statements is more likely to be true of Pluto?


A) It is more likely to be a service company.
B) It is more likely to have a greater control over the quality the products manufactured in the foreign country.
C) It is less likely to impose strict rules regarding how a franchisee does business.
D) It is less likely to receive royalty payment from the franchisee.
E) It is more likely to bear the development costs associated with opening a foreign market on its own.

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