Question 1

A membrane attack complex is a protein grouping that

Accepted Answer

A)  triggers phagocytosis of a target cell by a nearby macrophage or neutrophil.
B)  forms a channel in the target cell membrane that causes cytolysis.
C)  links a pathogen to a red blood cell so that it is carried to the liver or spleen.
D)  stimulates basophils to attack a multicellular parasite in the body.

Question 2

Complement facilitates inflammation by activating basophils and mast cells and by attracting macrophages and neutrophils.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In terms of their chemical structure,cytokines are _______;their function is to serve as _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins;chemical messengers
B)  proteins;receptors
C)  steroids;chemical messengers.
D)  steroids;receptors.

Question 4

The primary goal of the immune response is

Accepted Answer

A)  destruction or inactivation of pathogens and foreign material.
B)  maintenance of the proper ionic balance between lymph and blood.
C)  stimulation of mitotic activity in order to replace cells damaged by infection.
D)  reduction of the number of circulating memory lymphocytes.
E)  removal of antibodies from lymph and lymphatic organs.

Question 5

Helper T-lymphocytes primarily contain the CD8 coreceptor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If T-lymphocytes that failed the negative selection test were not destroyed,the immune system would likely

Accepted Answer

A)  cause autoimmune disorders.
B)  exhibit very delayed activity.
C)  be unable to recognize a particular class of pathogen.
D)  exhibit more negative membrane potentials.

Question 7

Some biologists have criticized the traditional analogy of the immune system to an army,arguing that it is unnecessarily militaristic.They have proposed other analogies that compare immune functioning to gardening or housekeeping.Develop one of these or create your own analogy for immune function and describe the roles of helper T-lymphocytes,cytotoxic T-lymphocytes,and B-lymphocytes using language that fits your metaphor.

Accepted Answer

Many answers are possible.Help...

Question 8

Fungi are

Accepted Answer

A)  eukaryotic cells with a cell wall.
B)  prokaryotic cells.
C)  multicellular parasites that reside within a host.
D)  protozoans lacking a cell wall.
E)  viruses that are fragments of infectious proteins.

Question 9

Describe the structure of an antibody.What type of molecule is it
 What is its shape,how many parts does it have,and how do the parts differ

Accepted Answer

Antibodies are Y-shaped protei...

Question 10

Plasma cells have a life span of about _________,which is mainly spent in the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 days;blood
B)  5 days;lymph nodes
C)  130 days;blood
D)  130 days;lymph nodes

Question 11

Chemotaxis is the process by which

Accepted Answer

A)  CAMs on leukocytes adhere to CAMs on endothelial cells of capillaries within injured tissues.
B)  cells migrate along chemical gradients.
C)  cells exit the blood by squeezing out between cells in the blood vessel wall.
D)  chemical messengers are secreted that stimulate the sensation of pain that accompanies inflammation.

Question 12

Acquired immunity is a system in which lymphocytes respond to particular antigens they encounter during a lifetime.Another name for acquired immunity is _________ immunity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Acquired immunity is a system in which...

Question 13

The constant region of the five classes of immunoglobulins are the same,and their names depend on their variable regions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine
B)  complement
C)  interferon
D)  perforin
E)  serotonin

Question 15

One way in which complement defends against bacteria is by binding to it and facilitating phagocytosis.This process is known as _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One way in which complement defends against...

Question 16

Interferons are one of the classes of

Accepted Answer

A)  interleukins.
B)  cytokines.
C)  colony-stimulating factors.
D)  tumor necrosis factors.

Question 17

When a chemical messenger has a short half-life,it means that

Accepted Answer

A)  it will not have an extremely prolonged effect on target cells.
B)  it will not be eliminated quickly from the blood.

Question 18

Which cells resemble basophils and are found in connective tissue,close to small blood vessels

Accepted Answer

A)  Dendritic cells
B)  Mast cells
C)  NK cells
D)  Alveolar macrophages
E)  Cytokines

Question 19

IgA is primarily found

Accepted Answer

A)  in blood.
B)  in external secretions such as tears,saliva,and mucus.
C)  in lymph.
D)  on the surface of B-lymphocytes.
E)  in the thymus,spleen,and lymph nodes.

Question 20

Which type of cell responds to multiple antigens

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory B-lymphocyte
B)  Memory T-lymphocyte
C)  Natural killer cell
D)  Plasma cell
E)  Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte

Exam 22: Immune System and the Bodys Defense

In terms of their chemical structure,cytokines are _;their function is to serve as ___.

Correct Answer
verified

Chemotaxis is the process by which

Correct Answer
verified

Which type of cell responds to multiple antigens

Correct Answer
verified

Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.

Correct Answer
verified

One way in which complement defends against bacteria is by binding to it and facilitating phagocytosis.This process is known as _____________.

Correct Answer
verified

Helper T-lymphocytes primarily contain the CD8 coreceptor.

Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells have a life span of about _,which is mainly spent in the _.

Correct Answer
verified

If T-lymphocytes that failed the negative selection test were not destroyed,the immune system would likely

Correct Answer
verified

Interferons are one of the classes of

Correct Answer
verified

The constant region of the five classes of immunoglobulins are the same,and their names depend on their variable regions.

Correct Answer
verified

Fungi are

Correct Answer
verified

Acquired immunity is a system in which lymphocytes respond to particular antigens they encounter during a lifetime.Another name for acquired immunity is _________ immunity.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Many answers are possible.Help...
View Answer

Which cells resemble basophils and are found in connective tissue,close to small blood vessels

Correct Answer
verified

A membrane attack complex is a protein grouping that

Correct Answer
verified

The primary goal of the immune response is

Correct Answer
verified

Complement facilitates inflammation by activating basophils and mast cells and by attracting macrophages and neutrophils.

Correct Answer
verified

IgA is primarily found

Correct Answer
verified

When a chemical messenger has a short half-life,it means that

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the structure of an antibody.What type of molecule is it What is its shape,how many parts does it have,and how do the parts differ

Correct Answer
verified
Antibodies are Y-shaped protei...
View Answer

Exam 22: Immune System and the Bodys Defense

In terms of their chemical structure,cytokines are _______;their function is to serve as _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemotaxis is the process by which

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of cell responds to multiple antigens

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Often a virus-infected cell will release _________ to prevent spread of the infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way in which complement defends against bacteria is by binding to it and facilitating phagocytosis.This process is known as _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helper T-lymphocytes primarily contain the CD8 coreceptor.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells have a life span of about _________,which is mainly spent in the _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If T-lymphocytes that failed the negative selection test were not destroyed,the immune system would likely

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Interferons are one of the classes of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The constant region of the five classes of immunoglobulins are the same,and their names depend on their variable regions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fungi are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acquired immunity is a system in which lymphocytes respond to particular antigens they encounter during a lifetime.Another name for acquired immunity is _________ immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedMany answers are possible.Help...View AnswerShow Answer

Which cells resemble basophils and are found in connective tissue,close to small blood vessels

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A membrane attack complex is a protein grouping that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary goal of the immune response is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Complement facilitates inflammation by activating basophils and mast cells and by attracting macrophages and neutrophils.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

IgA is primarily found

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a chemical messenger has a short half-life,it means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the structure of an antibody.What type of molecule is it What is its shape,how many parts does it have,and how do the parts differ

Correct AnswerverifiedAntibodies are Y-shaped protei...View AnswerShow Answer

In terms of their chemical structure,cytokines are _;their function is to serve as ___.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Plasma cells have a life span of about _,which is mainly spent in the _.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Many answers are possible.Help...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Antibodies are Y-shaped protei...
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