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The terms inertia and stability, with respect to ecosystems, are mutually exclusive.

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  The graph above shows the census count for two animal species, A and B, over a 31 year period. Animal A and animal B have a predator-prey relationship. -What description would apply to the predator species in the graph above if the prey species were its only source of food? What assumptions could we make about that predator species if this were the case? The graph above shows the census count for two animal species, A and B, over a 31 year period. Animal A and animal B have a predator-prey relationship. -What description would apply to the predator species in the graph above if the prey species were its only source of food? What assumptions could we make about that predator species if this were the case?

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The predator species would be ...

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A relationship in which one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed to any significant degree is best labeled


A) Competition
B) Predation
C) Commensalism
D) Parasitism
E) Mutualism

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Hawks typically forage for their rodent prey species during the daytime. While owls may eat similar prey species, and live in the same area, they forage during the night. This is best described as an example of


A) interspecific competition
B) Mutualism
C) parasitism
D) Predation
E) resource partitioning

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Which of the following best categorizes the most common form of interspecific species interactions?


A) Competition
B) Mutualism
C) Parasitism
D) Commensalism
E) Predation

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The key reason we should care about recovery of the southern sea otter population is


A) the fact that they are a keystone species
B) their charismatic personality, which makes them pleasant to observe
C) because they are a food source for humans
D) because they are a food source for tuna, which is a food source for humans
E) the fact that they are a keystone species and because they are a food source for tuna

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In a certain population of rabbits one year, 25 new rabbits are born and 5 move into the population from surrounding areas. However, 10 rabbits die, and 5 leave the population. What is the population change?


A) 25
B) 10
C) 30
D) 15
E) There is no change because birth and immigration equaled the deaths and emigration.

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Limiting factors are physical or chemical factors that can determine the numbers of organisms in a population.

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The process of secondary succession would typically follow a forest fire.

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State briefly the known threats to kelp forests.

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1. Sea urchin populations are increasing...

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The interaction of two species with each can actually affect the evolution of those species.

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Which of the following is NOT one of the chapter's three big ideas?


A) There are always limits to population growth in nature.
B) Certain interactions among species affects their use of resources and their population sizes.
C) The balance of nature theory only.
D) The balance of nature theory and the concept of restoration of ecosystems by humans.
E) Changes in environmental conditions cause communities and ecosystems to gradually alter their species composition and population sizes.

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A human population crash occurred


A) in Ireland in the 1800's following the destruction of the potato crop
B) in Idaho in the 1800's following the destruction of the potato crop
C) in Japan in 2011 following the tsunami
D) in the United States in the 1800's following the Civil War
E) in both Japan and Idaho

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A relationship in which a member of one species obtains its nourishment by living on, in, or near a member of another species over an extended time is best labeled


A) Competition
B) Predation
C) Mutualism
D) Parasitism
E) Commensalism

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Which of the following would undergo secondary succession?


A) cooled volcanic lava
B) an abandoned parking lot
C) a heavily polluted stream that has been cleaned up
D) a bare rock outcrop
E) a newly created shallow pond

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Which of the following is accurate with regards to the balance of nature hypothesis?


A) It is currently viewed as the most accurate description of how ecological succession can arise at a climax community.
B) It is the historically held equilibrium model of succession in which, once achieved, a climax community will be dominated by a few long-lived plant species.
C) It suggests that there are always an appropriate number and diversity of producers to allow an ever-increasing number of primary consumers to inhabit a changing community.
D) It suggests that the pathway of ecological succession is not predictable.
E) It is an example of something that scientists were able to disprove conclusively.

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A climax community is a(n)


A) community in primary succession
B) community in secondary succession
C) mature community
D) immature community
E) balanced community

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A relationship in which both species benefit is best labeled


A) Competition
B) Predation
C) Mutualism
D) Parasitism
E) Commensalism

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____________________ starts slowly but then accelerates as the population increases.

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A population crash occurs when


A) A population approaches its carrying capacity.
B) Environmental resistance comes into play gradually.
C) Resources are essentially unlimited.
D) A population greatly overshoots carrying capacity, and resulting environmental pressures cause effects.
E) The population growth rate slows.

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