Question 1

If Erika maintains that killing the innocent is wrong because the action is contrary to God's will,she probably accepts the:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural command theory.
B)  divine imperative theory.
C)  divine command theory.
D)  rule-naturalism.

Question 2

A moral theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a scientific description of how persons make moral decisions.
B)  a moral theory concerned with the goodness of persons or things.
C)  an explanation of what makes an action right or what makes a person or thing good.
D)  an explanation concerned with the rightness or wrongness of actions.

Question 3

Evaluating the worth of a moral theory requires the application of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  categorical imperative.
B)  scientific criteria of adequacy.
C)  moral criteria of adequacy.
D)  divine command theory.

Question 4

A consequentialist theory may define the good as:

Accepted Answer

A)  adherence to a moral code.
B)  doing one's duty for duty's sake.
C)  obedience to moral laws.
D)  pleasure, happiness, well-being, or flourishing.

Question 5

A person who reasons that the morally right action is the one that produces the most favorable balance of good over evil,everyone considered,is a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)  utilitarian.
B)  ethical egoist.
C)  rule-Kantian.
D)  natural law theorist.

Question 6

According to Kant,the principle and the maxims derived from the categorical imperative are:

Accepted Answer

A)  consequentialist and rule based.
B)  nonconsequentialist and hedonic.
C)  universal and absolutist.
D)  universal and consequential.

Question 7

According to ______,right actions are those that directly produce the greatest overall good,everyone considered.

Accepted Answer

A)  act-utilitarianism
B)  rule-utilitarianism
C)  natural law theory
D)  Kant's means-ends principle

Question 8

We are entitled to accept our commonsense moral experience as trustworthy evidence unless:

Accepted Answer

A)  it coincides with our considered moral judgments.
B)  it conflicts with our life goals.
C)  we have good reasons to ignore it.
D)  we have good reasons to doubt it.

Question 9

Suppose a moral theory is inconsistent with two of your most trustworthy and important moral judgments (and other considerations do not counterbalance this fact) .You should then regard the theory as:

Accepted Answer

A)  obviously false.
B)  imperfect but true.
C)  true until proven otherwise.
D)  dubious and possibly false.

Question 10

If John always acts to produce the most favorable balance of good over evil for himself,he is probably:

Accepted Answer

A)  a utilitarian.
B)  an ethical egoist.
C)  a nonconsequentialist.
D)  a command theorist. B

Question 11

The first step in any theory assessment is to ensure that the theory meets the minimum requirement of:

Accepted Answer

A)  utility.
B)  coherence.
C)  morality.
D)  conservatism.

Question 12

A moral theory that would have us torturing infants for fun conflicts with:

Accepted Answer

A)  our considered moral judgments.
B)  our background moral knowledge.
C)  the judgments of moral authorities.
D)  the principle of consistency.

Question 13

The ultimate goal in the give-and-take of theory and judgment (or principle) is:

Accepted Answer

A)  consensus among moral agents.
B)  reflective equilibrium.
C)  reflective imperative.
D)  definitive answers. B

Question 14

In addition to being consistent with our considered moral judgments,a plausible moral theory should be consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A)  moral background knowledge.
B)  other major theories.
C)  considered moral explanations.
D)  all previous moral judgments.

Question 15

Applying the moral criteria of adequacy is:

Accepted Answer

A)  formulaic.
B)  subjective and arbitrary.
C)  rational and objective.
D)  unnecessary. C

Question 16

A moral theory that suggests that our moral judgments cannot be rationally supported is inconsistent with:

Accepted Answer

A)  religious ethics.
B)  experiences unique to each individual.
C)  moral exemplars.
D)  our moral experience.

Question 17

John Rawls says that ______ are those judgments rendered under conditions favorable to justice,as opposed to judgments made with hesitation or little confidence.

Accepted Answer

A)  considered psychological preferences
B)  considered moral judgments
C)  moral theories
D)  moral presumptions

Question 18

A major reason for devising a moral theory is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  rebut rival theories.
B)  obtain practical guidance.
C)  have reasons for rejecting theories.
D)  determine psychological motivations.

Question 19

A moral theory is ______ on an issue such as euthanasia.

Accepted Answer

A)  definitive
B)  the final authority
C)  worthless
D)  a guide for moral reasoning

Question 20

A moral theory that judges the rightness of abortion by the end result of the action is:

Accepted Answer

A)  nonconsequentialist.
B)  reflective.
C)  rule-guided.
D)  consequentialist.

Exam 4: The Power of Moral Theories

If Erika maintains that killing the innocent is wrong because the action is contrary to God's will,she probably accepts the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A moral theory is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evaluating the worth of a moral theory requires the application of the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A consequentialist theory may define the good as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who reasons that the morally right action is the one that produces the most favorable balance of good over evil,everyone considered,is a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Kant,the principle and the maxims derived from the categorical imperative are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to ______,right actions are those that directly produce the greatest overall good,everyone considered.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We are entitled to accept our commonsense moral experience as trustworthy evidence unless:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose a moral theory is inconsistent with two of your most trustworthy and important moral judgments (and other considerations do not counterbalance this fact) .You should then regard the theory as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If John always acts to produce the most favorable balance of good over evil for himself,he is probably:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The first step in any theory assessment is to ensure that the theory meets the minimum requirement of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A moral theory that would have us torturing infants for fun conflicts with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ultimate goal in the give-and-take of theory and judgment (or principle) is:

Correct AnswerverifiedB

In addition to being consistent with our considered moral judgments,a plausible moral theory should be consistent with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Applying the moral criteria of adequacy is:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

A moral theory that suggests that our moral judgments cannot be rationally supported is inconsistent with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

John Rawls says that ______ are those judgments rendered under conditions favorable to justice,as opposed to judgments made with hesitation or little confidence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A major reason for devising a moral theory is to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A moral theory is ______ on an issue such as euthanasia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A moral theory that judges the rightness of abortion by the end result of the action is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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