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Exam 14: Fluid and Acidbase Balance

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Question 91

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Which of these statements does NOT refer to extracellular fluid

A) It includes plasma.
B) It includes interstitial fluid.
C) It constitutes a greater percentage of total body water than does intracellular fluid.
D) It includes synovial fluid.

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Question 92

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The barrier between the ECF and the ICF is the ____________________.

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plasma mem...

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Question 93

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A pH of less than 6.8 or greater than 8.0 is not compatible with life.

Which of the following is NOT a source of water input

A(n) ____________________ is a substance that can combine with a free H⁺, thus removing it from solution.

Bicarbonate ions can combine with free H⁺, removing a source of acidity and opposing acidosis.

The kidneys are the first line of defence against changes in acid-base balance because they are the most powerful mechanism for maintaining pH.

A person with diarrhoea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure.The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -urinary volume

Which of these statements does NOT apply to an individual who is overhydrated

The blood plasma and ____________________ make up the ECF.

HCl is an example of an acid.

The force responsible for movement of H₂O a.between the ECF and the ICF is ____________________.

Which of these actions would be triggered by a drop in arterial blood pressure

The second line of defence will be the respiratory mechanism of pH control.Which statement describes the respiratory response in this situation

A person with diarrhoea loses excessive salt and water from the body. This loss results in Na⁺ depletion, dehydration, a decreased extracellular fluid volume, a reduction in plasma volume, and a decreased systemic arterial blood pressure.The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -vasopressin secretion

The total load of ____________________ determines the total amount of water that will be retained in the ECF by osmosis.

Acidosis leads to ____________________ secretion of H⁺ in the urine.

The pH of venous blood is usually about ____________________.

Which of these statements does NOT describe a chemical buffer system

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -Water enters the cells by osmosis.