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A type of screening test for breast cancer which uses a computer and scanning devices to create three-dimensional images of lesions seen on a mammogram so that a needle can be inserted accurately into the lesion is called a


A) digital mammogram
B) computer-aided detection
C) stereotactic-guided biopsy
D) ductal lavage
E) magnetic resonance imaging

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Of the following words, which one means any abnormal swelling?


A) Sarcoid
B) Tumor
C) Neoplasm
D) Benign
E) Cancer

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Hodgkin disease is a cancer involving the


A) adrenal gland
B) pituitary gland
C) blood-forming tissues
D) bones and connective tissues
E) lymph nodes

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Which of the following words is derived from the Latin meaning crab?


A) Tumor
B) Malignant
C) Cancer
D) Oncology
E) Metastasis

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A DRE is used to detect


A) an enlarged uterus
B) a breast tumor
C) an enlarged testicle
D) an enlarged prostate gland
E) a lung tumor

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Examination with an endoscope occurs in


A) scintigraphy and MRI
B) fluoroscopy and CT
C) MRI and PET
D) mediastinoscopy and thoracoscopy
E) PET and scintigraphy

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A word which means extremely toxic or pathogenic and is derived from the Latin meaning poisonous is


A) virulent
B) mutagenic
C) carcinogenic
D) radioactive
E) pollution

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Stereotactic radiosurgery uses a(n) _________________ to deliver a single high dose of radiation.


A) fluoroscope
B) endoscope
C) gamma knife
D) cryogenic probe
E) laser

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Obesity is said to be linked to about 10% of breast and colorectal cancers and up to 40% of kidney, esophageal, and endometrial cancers. Which of the following statements best describes the treatment of cancer in obese patients?


A) Most patients seen by Gynecologists are obese and have cancer.
B) Oncologists might consider weight loss as part of a treatment regimen.
C) Urologists are unlikely to refer a patient to an oncologist.
D) Gastroenterologists are least likely to find tumors.
E) Nutritionists contribute little to controlling risk factors for cancer.

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An oncogene called HER-2 causes many cases of breast and ovarian cancer. The drug Herceptin is an antibody that targets the HER-2 receptors on the cancer cells, cutting off the chemical signals that the cell needs to keep proliferating. It also marks the abnormal cells for destruction by the immune system. Which of the following statements best describes cancer caused by this oncogene?


A) HER-2 receptors are antigens that can be attacked.
B) All breast and ovarian cancers are linked to HER-2.
C) Immunoglobulins are a promising but, as yet, undeveloped therapy for cancer.
D) The immune system has no way to recognize cancer cells or lyse them.
E) HER-2 receptors block signals for cell division.

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The root/combining form in the word angiogenesis means


A) vein
B) blood vessel
C) formation
D) artery
E) production

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Which of the following terms means introducing normal genes into cells to replace abnormal genes?


A) Gene therapy
B) Genetics
C) Monoclonal antibodies
D) Genotyping
E) Gene microarrays

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Which of the following terms means pertaining to the use of a light-sensitive drug with a laser beam to destroy cells?


A) Protoplasmic
B) Laser surgery
C) Chemophototherapeutic
D) Photon
E) Photodynamic

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Which of the following words means pertaining to a malignant neoplasm?


A) Cancerous
B) Metastasis
C) Infiltrate
D) Malignancy
E) Oncogenic

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Which of the following suffixes means tumor?


A) -emia
B) -oma
C) -osis
D) -itis
E) -ancy

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Which of the following words has a suffix meaning to examine?


A) Fluoroscopy
B) Gastrectomy
C) Amniocentesis
D) Scintigram
E) Endoscope

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Men over the age of ___________ should have an annual exam for ____________ cancer.


A) 20; prostate
B) 25; pancreatic
C) 30; liver
D) 40; ovarian
E) 50; prostate

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Cervical cancer, stomach cancer, and squamous cell skin cancer are examples of carcinomas originating from which cells?


A) Lymph node
B) Blood-forming tissues
C) Pigment producing cells
D) Epithelial
E) Connective tissue, bone cartilage, muscle

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The word progenitor means


A) founder
B) follower
C) division
D) fetal protein
E) reproduction

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Which of the following words containing a prefix, root, and suffix means cancer arising from cells lining the pleural cavity?


A) Mesothelioma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Thoracoma
D) Adenocarcinoma
E) Asbestosis

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