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When competing on the basis of low-cost leadership,a primary objective is to:


A) Lower manufacturing costs.
B) Lower production costs.
C) Lower supplier costs.
D) Lower overall costs.

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D

How are the benefits different for cost leadership versus differentiation when analyzing the power of suppliers to the industry?

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Cost leaders are in the best position to...

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The opening case of Chapter 6 highlights the business-level strategy of Whole Foods.All of the following are part of this strategy EXCEPT:


A) Adopting a new strategic intent to become the champion of healthy eating.
B) Reducing costs through initiatives such as expanding its private-label offerings.
C) Emphasizing its organic food offerings as the tool to compete on price.
D) Improving its logistics system in order to improve efficiencies.

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C

How does an experience curve help a business gain competitive advantage?

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An experience curve captures both econom...

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When pursuing a cost-leadership strategy,a business must remember that:


A) Buyers will be reluctant to pay for a product unless the quality is acceptable.
B) Buyers will be reluctant to pay for a product unless the quality is superior.
C) Buyers will be reluctant to pay for the product unless it is customized.
D) Product quality is more important in a broad market than in a narrow one.

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Why are differentiation and cost-leadership described as generic business strategies?

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These two strategies are called generic ...

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Value drivers are tools that help managers:


A) Increase perceived value and decrease costs.
B) Improve value chain activities and increase costs.
C) Achieve a low-cost position and maintain perceived value.
D) Achieve cost parity and maintain perceived value.

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When pursuing an integration strategy,managers use levers to help them simultaneously increase perceived value and lower costs.Which of the following is NOT one of these levers?


A) Quality
B) Complements
C) Economies of scope
D) Structure, culture, and routines

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Applying the five forces model to business-level strategy allows managers to assess the benefits and risks of both cost-leadership and differentiation strategies.

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Succeeding at an integration strategy is typically easy for a firm.

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The Tata Group of India is a widely diversified multinational company.In 2008,it bought Jaguar and Land Rover from Ford.It is hoping to leverage the prestige of these brands due to their global reputation.Then,in 2009 Tata introduced the Nano car,which is the lowest-priced car in the world.The rear hatch of the Nano can't be opened,and it has no radio or even a glove compartment.It can be said that the Tata Group of India is:


A) Planning to move the Jaguar business unit from differentiated to an integration strategy.
B) Pursuing the Chinese market with the Land Rover acquisition.
C) Pursuing both a focused differentiation strategy and a focused cost-leadership strategy.
D) Planning to move the Nano business unit from low-cost to an integration strategy.

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Understanding the productivity frontier is useful because of all of the following EXCEPT:


A) It represents possible strategic positions a firm can take.
B) It reflects the relationship between strategic positions, value creation, and costs.
C) It helps a firm determine cost-differentiation trade-offs.
D) It reflects which global markets will be the most productive to pursue in the future.

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When it comes to strategic positioning and generic business strategies,which of the following is TRUE:


A) All of the business strategies are equally difficult to adopt.
B) Only a few exceptional firms are able to balance the value-cost strategic trade-offs and adopt an integration strategy successfully.
C) Once a firm has established itself with a strategy, it should stick with what it knows.
D) Strategic positioning is not as critical to competitive advantage as is the firm's resources and economic environment.

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_________ is when a firm is searching for new knowledge that could enhance future performance.


A) Boundary spanning
B) Channel communication
C) Exploitation
D) Exploration

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Between 2007 and 2009,Microsoft spent close to $25 billion on R&D,the majority of which went to its new Windows 7 operating system.These costs were fixed.However,after Windows 7 hit the market,the marginal costs were basically zero.Since Microsoft expects to sell several hundred million copies of Windows 7,it can be said that:


A) Microsoft has a competitive advantage because it has already spent the capital required for its new offering.
B) Microsoft has a competitive advantage because it will be able to drive down per-unit costs of Windows 7 with each additional copy it sells.
C) Since Microsoft will sell so many units of Windows 7, it has attained competitive parity within its strategic group.
D) Microsoft will be at a competitive disadvantage unless it exceeds its sales forecasts because its marginal costs will change.

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Under the five forces model,a risk to a business with a cost-leadership strategy is:


A) Competition switches from customer service to pricing.
B) When technological innovations open up cost reductions for substitutes or competitors.
C) New entrants are all start-up firms with low volumes.
D) Suppliers request a 2% price increase across the industry.

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B

Achieving differentiation parity along with lower costs is important to a low-cost leader because:


A) The firm is then able to target a less price-sensitive customer market.
B) Creating the same value as the competition, combined with lower costs, gives the firm a competitive advantage.
C) The firm is then able to incorporate differentiating features that cause buyers to prefer its products.
D) All of these.

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Strategy Highlight 6.1 discusses Toyota's recall challenges with its Lexus brand.All of the following are true EXCEPT:


A) Toyota used the value driver of customer service when it called each owner individually for recommended repairs.
B) By exceeding customer expectations, Toyota turned a serious threat into an opportunity by establishing brand reputation for superior customer service.
C) Toyota's customer responsiveness enabled the firm to influence early adopters who became opinion leaders for influencing others to purchase a Lexus.
D) Since the Lexus recall of the 1990s, Toyota leveraged firm experience effects and has successfully maintained quality leadership in the automobile industry with no major challenges.

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When the focus of competition is on differentiation,a firm tends to use all of these levers EXCEPT:


A) New product launches.
B) Cost input factors.
C) Marketing and promotion.
D) Unique product features.

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What is the difference between economies of scale and diseconomies of scale?

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In economies of scale,each additional it...

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