Question 1

As every cell in our body has the same genome,what is the basic difference between cells with unique functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  stem cells
B)  the cell’s genome
C)  mitosis
D)  cell differentiation
E)  gene expression

Question 2

To engineer a human bladder requires

Accepted Answer

A)  a bladder biopsy, tissue growth on a scaffold, and transplant surgery.
B)  stem cell isolation from a bladder biopsy and transplant surgery.
C)  a bladder biopsy, stem cell isolation and growth on a scaffold, and transplant surgery.
D)  a donor bladder, growth on a scaffold, and replacement surgery.
E)  surgery for removal of the bladder and replacement with a donor bladder.

Question 3

The formation of an organ through the use of stem cells differentiated into multiple cell types.However,which of the following presents a hurdle to regenerating a new organ to replace a defective one?

Accepted Answer

A)   Many organs contain multiple specialized cell types in an intricate design.
B)   Nerve innervation is necessary for the proper function of some organs.
C)   Proper blood supply to all the regenerated cells is necessary for the survival of organs.
D)   A and C
E)   All of the above.

Question 4

Induced pluripotent stem cells have been created by

Accepted Answer

A)   inserting four genes into a differentiated skin cell.
B)   inserting 18 genes into an embryonic stem cell.
C)   starting with a blastocyst cell.
D)   inserting "dedifferentiating" proteins into an adult stem cell.
E)   None of the above.

Question 5

List at least four difficulties associated with developing a replacement organ that scientists have had to overcome,and still have yet to overcome.

Accepted Answer

Scientists do not always know where stem...

Question 6

Why would you need to isolate more than one type of stem cell when growing a replacement organ?

Accepted Answer

A)   More than one type of stem cell is grown in case one type does not survive.
B)   Growing replacement organs requires at least three types of stem cells.
C)   Different tissues have different stem cells.
D)   Organs are composed of more than one type of tissue.
E)   C and D

Question 7

What was the major discovery in tissue engineering that advanced the field to where it is today?

Accepted Answer

A)   the use of scaffolds to grow organs
B)   tissue antirejection techniques
C)   stem-cell isolation from adult tissues
D)   A and C
E)   All of the above.

Question 8

Which of the following cell types is MOST differentiated?

Accepted Answer

A)   zygote cell
B)   bone-marrow cell
C)   neuron from the cerebral cortex
D)   neural stem cell
E)   mesenchymal stem cell

Question 9

Why do researchers think embryonic stem cells offer more hope than adult stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Theoretically,an embryonic stem cell can...

Question 10

Specialized cells called _______ are found in most tissues.These cells divide to give rise to more cells of that tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)   mother cells
B)   stem cells
C)   regenerative cells
D)   core cells
E)   embryonic cells

Question 11

Why are some cells in your body younger than others? What determines how often a particular cell type needs to be replaced? Name one cell type that is regenerated frequently and one cell type that is rarely replaced.

Accepted Answer

Cells that are used a lot or are exposed...

Question 12

Embryonic stem cells are harvested from the inner cell mass.If this inner cell mass is allowed to continue to develop without harvesting,what would it normally become?

Accepted Answer

A)   a fetus
B)   a larger mass of cells, never forming a complete structure
C)   adult stem cells only
D)   the tissues, organs, and systems of the body
E)   A and D

Question 13

How can a blastocyst,which is basically a mass of cells,develop into different tissues,organs,systems,and ultimately a fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chemicals enter the cells, causing them to become different tissues.
B)   Chemical signals cause the production of genes.
C)   Chemical signals cause the regulation of genes and production of particular proteins.
D)   Chemical signals cause the regulation of proteins that will produce the appropriate genes.
E)   Chemical signals cause all cells to develop into one type of organ that splits off into all the organs of the body.

Question 14

Explain why growing your own organs is biologically better than implanting an organ from a donor.

Accepted Answer

Your body will recognize organs grown fr...

Question 15

What is the primary hurdle in the healing process of humans that must be bypassed when compared with the tissue regeneration of a salamander?

Accepted Answer

A)   organ rejection
B)   tissue development
C)   development of scar tissue
D)   regeneration of a new tissue
E)   differential regeneration

Question 16

List the following in order from LEAST to MOST specialized cells.
A) inner cell mass from blastocyst
A) liver cells
A) preblastocyst cells
A) somatic stem cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the following in order from LEAST...

Question 17

Differential gene expression is

Accepted Answer

A)  use of a unique set of genes in each cell type.
B)  the pathway to a cells specialization.
C)  required for different cell types.
D)  required for a cell’s function and physical shape.
E)  All of the above.

Question 18

The difficulties involved in growing a replacement organ include all of the following,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   scientists have not yet figured out how to make biodegradable scaffolds on which to grow the tissues.
B)   organs are made from many different types of stem cells.
C)   the larger the organ, the more complex it is.
D)   most organs require other associated tissues, such as specialized nerves and muscles.
E)   usually a biopsy is required to obtain the stem cells, thus resulting in multiple surgeries.

Question 19

Describe the three methods of creating embryonic stem cells.Which one(s)is/are likely to be the most controversial and why?

Accepted Answer

Embryonic stem cells can be made
(1)by ...

Question 20

How can embryonic stem cells be created in a lab?

Accepted Answer

A)   The nucleus of an egg is transplanted into a sperm, which artificially fertilizes a new egg.
B)   The nucleus of an egg is removed, and a new nucleus from an adult donor cell is transplanted into the egg.
C)   The nucleus of a sperm is transplanted into an egg.
D)   The nucleus of an egg is removed, and a new nucleus from a sperm is transplanted into the egg.
E)   The nucleus of an egg is transplanted into an adult donor cell.

Exam 13: Stem Cells and Cell Differentiation Grow Your Own

List at least four difficulties associated with developing a replacement organ that scientists have had to overcome,and still have yet to overcome.

Correct AnswerverifiedScientists do not always know where stem...View AnswerShow Answer

Specialized cells called _______ are found in most tissues.These cells divide to give rise to more cells of that tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the major discovery in tissue engineering that advanced the field to where it is today?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Embryonic stem cells are harvested from the inner cell mass.If this inner cell mass is allowed to continue to develop without harvesting,what would it normally become?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the three methods of creating embryonic stem cells.Which one(s)is/are likely to be the most controversial and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedEmbryonic stem cells can be made (1)by ...View AnswerShow Answer

Explain why growing your own organs is biologically better than implanting an organ from a donor.

Correct AnswerverifiedYour body will recognize organs grown fr...View AnswerShow Answer

How can a blastocyst,which is basically a mass of cells,develop into different tissues,organs,systems,and ultimately a fetus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To engineer a human bladder requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Differential gene expression is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the following in order from LEAST to MOST specialized cells. A) inner cell mass from blastocyst A) liver cells A) preblastocyst cells A) somatic stem cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why would you need to isolate more than one type of stem cell when growing a replacement organ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The formation of an organ through the use of stem cells differentiated into multiple cell types.However,which of the following presents a hurdle to regenerating a new organ to replace a defective one?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the primary hurdle in the healing process of humans that must be bypassed when compared with the tissue regeneration of a salamander?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are some cells in your body younger than others? What determines how often a particular cell type needs to be replaced? Name one cell type that is regenerated frequently and one cell type that is rarely replaced.

Correct AnswerverifiedCells that are used a lot or are exposed...View AnswerShow Answer

As every cell in our body has the same genome,what is the basic difference between cells with unique functions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cell types is MOST differentiated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do researchers think embryonic stem cells offer more hope than adult stem cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedTheoretically,an embryonic stem cell can...View AnswerShow Answer

How can embryonic stem cells be created in a lab?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Induced pluripotent stem cells have been created by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difficulties involved in growing a replacement organ include all of the following,EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Scientists do not always know where stem...
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Embryonic stem cells can be made
(1)by ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Your body will recognize organs grown fr...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Cells that are used a lot or are exposed...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Theoretically,an embryonic stem cell can...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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