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According to Paul Baltes and his colleagues,which of the following is an effective optimization strategy?


A) To reach a particular goal,you may need to abandon other goals.
B) Persevere and keep trying until you reach your goal.
C) When things do not go as well as in the past,keep trying other ways until you can achieve results that are similar to what you accomplished earlier in your life.
D) Think about what you want in life and commit yourself to one or two major goals.

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According to Erikson,the positive resolution of which developmental stage culminates in existential identity in old age?


A) Generativity vs.stagnation
B) Industry vs.inferiority
C) Integrity vs.despair
D) Intimacy vs.isolation

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Sarah and Kent have always had a very traditional family structure.Kent worked outside the home and Sarah was a homemaker.When Kent retires,which of the following situations is most likely to arise?


A) Sarah will have difficulty keeping up with housework.
B) Sarah will help more with yard work.
C) Sarah will be delighted to have someone help her,so she can spend increasing amounts of time away from home.
D) Sarah will become uneasy having Kent around the house all day.

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Gina is doing what she can to help her older aunt take care of herself and stay in her own home.Gina often takes meals to her aunt and helps her clean,go shopping,and make visits to the doctor.Gina is providing _____ for her aunt.


A) home care service
B) emergency care
C) eldercare
D) hospice care

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According to the cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger,_____ showed up for the first time on the most important list for those who were 85 to 105 years old.


A) spending time with friends
B) concerns about work
C) thinking about cognitive fitness
D) thinking about life

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According to new studies,which of the Big Five factors of personality was linked to increased risk of older adults' developing Alzheimer across a six-year time frame?


A) High level of openness to experience
B) Moderate to high level of conscientiousness
C) Low to moderate level of agreeableness
D) High level of neuroticism

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According to the socioemotional selectivity theory,selective narrowing of social interaction _____ as individuals get older.


A) minimizes health-related complications.
B) minimizes emotional risks.
C) maximizes social isolation.
D) maximizes financial freedom.

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Identify the type of therapy that involves discussing past activities and experiences with another individual or group.

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Reminiscen...

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A cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger found that for participants 85 to 105 years old,_____ became the most important personal investment.


A) work
B) health
C) family
D) friends

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According to Erik Erikson's developmental stages,which of the following is the resolution an individual is most likely to experience if he or she is in the last stage of human development?


A) Care
B) Fidelity
C) Wisdom
D) Hope

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Considering the fact that many of the health problems of older adults are chronic rather than acute,which of the following is likely to be a concern about the medical system?


A) Medicare does not have special provisions for chronic illnesses.
B) Costs of prescription drugs are still not subsidized for the elderly.
C) The medical system is still based on a "cure" rather than a "care" model.
D) Home-visits are not emphasized over hospital stays.

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Now that Benita is in late adulthood,the socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that she will:


A) become more socially withdrawn as she prepares for death.
B) continue to actively make new friends.
C) spend most of her time with familiar friends.
D) emotionally invest in peripheral relationships.

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When time is perceived as _____,as it is when individuals are younger,people are more strongly motivated to pursue information,even at the cost of emotional satisfaction.


A) fluid
B) limited
C) open-ended
D) created,not given

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_____ theory describes how people can produce new resources and allocate them effectively to the tasks they want to master.


A) Activity
B) Selective optimization with compensation
C) Socioemotional selectivity
D) Psychoanalytical

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According to the cross-sectional study on self-esteem conducted by Robins and others (2002) ,which age group has the highest self-esteem?


A) Adolescents
B) Young adults
C) Middle-aged adults
D) The elderly

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In 2010,_____ percent of single,divorced,or widowed women 65 years and older lived in poverty.


A) 19
B) 8
C) 22
D) 44

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_____ illness is long-term,often lifelong,and requires long-term,if not life-term,management.


A) Acute
B) Chronic
C) Terminal
D) Debilitating

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What percentage of elderly African American women lived in poverty in 2010?


A) 65 percent
B) 40 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 31 percent

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Which of the following theories challenges the notion that older adults are in despair because of social isolation?


A) Socioemotional selectivity theory
B) Activity theory
C) Disengagement theory
D) Social breakdown theory

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The model of selective optimization with compensation proposes that successful aging is related to three main factors.Which of these factors is based on the concept that,in old age,there is a reduced capacity and loss of functioning that mandate a reduction of performance in most domains of life?


A) Selection
B) Optimization
C) Compensation
D) Remuneration

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