Question 1

According to equity theory:

Accepted Answer

A)   we compare ourselves with a comparison other only when we are certain that inequity exists.
B)   our comparison other never exists in real life.
C)   our comparison other is always someone in another organization.
D)   we choose people as comparison others only when we know that they receive fewer outcomes than we do.
E)   none of these statements is true.

Question 2

Which of the following basic needs is explicitly stated in needs hierarchy theory,ERG theory and theory of learned needs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Physiological needs
B)   Safety needs
C)   Power needs
D)   Financial needs
E)   None of the above

Question 3

Feelings of inequity occur when employees receive less than others,but not when they receive more than others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In expectancy theory,the performance-to-outcome expectancy represents the anticipated satisfaction or dissatisfaction that an individual places on an outcome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

ERG theory states all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   employees are motivated simultaneously by more than one need.
B)   employees who cannot satisfy a higher need increasingly focus their attention on the next lower need again.
C)   human needs can be grouped into the three broad categories of existence, relatedness and growth.
D)   as a person satisfies a lower need, the next higher need in the hierarchy becomes more important.
E)   after a person's growth needs are satisfied, his or her relatedness needs become more important.

Question 6

Research has found that goal setting:

Accepted Answer

A)   is one of the top OB theories in terms of validity and usefulness.
B)   motivates executives but has little or no effect on the motivation of non-management staff
C)   has the opposite effect on employee motivation than was originally intended
D)   is none of the above
E)   results in both 'A' and 'C'

Question 7

Expectancy theory of motivation states that people naturally direct their effort towards desired outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of these motivation theories arranges employee needs in a hierarchy of importance?

Accepted Answer

A)   ERG theory
B)   Four-drive theory
C)   Expectancy theory
D)   McClelland's learned needs theory
E)   Both 'A' and 'D'

Question 9

Compared to people with low need for affiliation,people with a high need for affiliation tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)   have higher absenteeism.
B)   be less effective in jobs requiring social interaction.
C)   be better at mediating conflicts.
D)   be all of the above.
E)   be only 'B' and 'C'

Question 10

According to expectancy theory,providing counseling and coaching to an employee who lacks self-confidence is most likely to increase the employee's:

Accepted Answer

A)   V-to-O expectancy.
B)   E-to-P expectancy.
C)   P-to-E expectancy.
D)   O-to-P expectancy.
E)   P-to-O expectancy.

Question 11

One advantage of ERG theory over Maslow's needs hierarchy theory is that the ERG model does not assume that everyone has the same needs hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to four-drive theory,organizations maximize motivation by focusing employees on opportunities to fulfill only one of the four drives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Organizational justice has two distinct forks called ______ and _______ justice.

Accepted Answer

A)   fair, illegal
B)   distributive, procedural
C)   active, passive
D)   structural, social
E)   innate, learned

Question 14

Four-drive theory recommends keeping all four drives in "balance"; that is,organizations should avoid too much or too little opportunity to fulfill each drive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The desire to seek approval from others,conform to their wishes and expectations,and avoid conflict and confrontations is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   Need for affiliation
B)   Need for power
C)   Need for achievement
D)   Need for safety
E)   Need for existence

Question 16

Through hard work,Gan lives comfortably without much financial debt.Now he wants to improve relations with colleagues and form stronger friendships.Which needs-based theory of motivation explains Gan's recent focus on his social needs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Four-drive theory
B)   Learned needs theory
C)   Needs hierarchy theory
D)   ERG theory
E)   Both 'C' and 'D'

Question 17

When employees want to improve their self-image,they seek out positive feedback from social sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Effective feedback:

Accepted Answer

A)   is general enough that it applies to any employee.
B)   is provided only through social sources.
C)   is provided no more frequently than once every three months.
D)   all of the above.
E)   none of the above.

Question 19

If supervisors are able to observe only a small portion of an employee's behavior and performance,then they should:

Accepted Answer

A)   evaluate several employees and average their performance results.
B)   evaluate the employee's performance based on their personal observations.
C)   consider using 360-degree feedback for that employee.
D)   infer job performance on unobserved tasks from the person's performance on observed tasks.
E)   none of the above.

Question 20

Cultural diversity in the workplace has:

Accepted Answer

A)   made employee motivation less relevant as an influence on job performance.
B)   made it less difficult to motivate employees using financial rewards.
C)   made it more difficult to identify what motivates employees.
D)   made it impossible to use any form of goal setting.
E)   had no effect on employee motivation.

Exam 5: Motivation in the Workplace

One advantage of ERG theory over Maslow's needs hierarchy theory is that the ERG model does not assume that everyone has the same needs hierarchy.

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Compared to people with low need for affiliation,people with a high need for affiliation tend to:

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When employees want to improve their self-image,they seek out positive feedback from social sources.

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Expectancy theory of motivation states that people naturally direct their effort towards desired outcomes.

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Through hard work,Gan lives comfortably without much financial debt.Now he wants to improve relations with colleagues and form stronger friendships.Which needs-based theory of motivation explains Gan's recent focus on his social needs?

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Organizational justice has two distinct forks called ______ and _______ justice.

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Which of the following basic needs is explicitly stated in needs hierarchy theory,ERG theory and theory of learned needs?

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Research has found that goal setting:

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Four-drive theory recommends keeping all four drives in "balance"; that is,organizations should avoid too much or too little opportunity to fulfill each drive.

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If supervisors are able to observe only a small portion of an employee's behavior and performance,then they should:

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The desire to seek approval from others,conform to their wishes and expectations,and avoid conflict and confrontations is called:

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According to equity theory:

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ERG theory states all of the following EXCEPT:

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According to four-drive theory,organizations maximize motivation by focusing employees on opportunities to fulfill only one of the four drives.

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Feelings of inequity occur when employees receive less than others,but not when they receive more than others.

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Effective feedback:

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In expectancy theory,the performance-to-outcome expectancy represents the anticipated satisfaction or dissatisfaction that an individual places on an outcome.

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Cultural diversity in the workplace has:

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Which of these motivation theories arranges employee needs in a hierarchy of importance?

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According to expectancy theory,providing counseling and coaching to an employee who lacks self-confidence is most likely to increase the employee's:

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Organizational justice has two distinct forks called and _ justice.

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